Global History; Midterm Defenitions ( review packet)

Question 1

Monsoon

Answer 1

Seasonal wind; in India, the winter monsoon brings hot, dry weather and the summer monsoon brings rain.

Question 2

Bubonic Plague

Answer 2

Is a Zoonotic Disease, circulating mainly in fleas on small rodents, and is one of the types of bacterial infections, caused by Yersinia Pestis, which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae.

Question 3

Hinduism

Answer 3

Is a dominant religion of the Indian Subcontinent, particularly of India and Nepal, which consists of many diverse traditions.

Question 4

Buddhism

Answer 4

Is a nontheistic that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, who is commonly known as Buddha, meaning “the awakened one.”

Question 5

Reincarnation

Answer 5

In Hinduism, belief in the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form.

Question 6

Moksha

Answer 6

In Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, achieving union with brahman.

Question 7

Nirvana

Answer 7

Is an ancient Sanskrit term used in Indian religions to describe the profound peace of mind that is acquired with Moksha.

Question 8

Eightfold Path

Answer 8

Is one of the principal teachings of the Buddha, who described as the way leading to the cessation of suffering and the achievement selfawakening,

Question 9

Sanskrit

Answer 9

Is a standardized Indo-Aryan language, the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, philosophical language in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and scholarly literary language.

Question 10

Caste System

Answer 10

Organizes a division of labour and money in human society.

Question 11

Cultural Diffusion

Answer 11

Spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another.

Question 12

Judaism

Answer 12

Is the religion, philosophy and way of life of the Jewish people.

Question 13

Christianity

Answer 13

Is a monotheistic religion based on the life and oral teachings of Jesus Christ as presented in the New Testament.

Question 14

Islam

Answer 14

Is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion articulated by the Qur’an, a book considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God and by the teachings of normative example of Huhammad, considered by them to be the last prophet of God.

Question 15

Ten Commandment

Answer 15

Are set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worship, which play a fundamental role in Judaism and Christianity.

Question 16

Five Pillars

Answer 16

Are five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life.

Question 17

Torah

Answer 17

Is a central concept in the Jewish tradition.

Question 18

Animism

Answer 18

Belief that spirits and forces may live in animals, objects, or dreams.

Question 19

Shintoism

Answer 19

Is the indigenous spirituality and the people of Japan.

Question 20

Four Noble Truths

Answer 20

Are regarded as the central doctrine of the Buddhist tradition, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for all of Buddhist thought.

Question 21

Polytheism

Answer 21

Belief in many Gods.

Question 22

Monotheism

Answer 22

Belief in one God.

Question 23

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 23

Is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient, formerly Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1772 BC.

Question 24

Brahma

Answer 24

According to Aryan belief, the single spiritusal power that resides in all things.

Question 25

Dharma

Answer 25

Is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism.

Question 26

Silk Road

Answer 26

Is a trade seriesand cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from china to the Mediterranean Sea during various periods of time.

Question 27

Middle Kingdom

Answer 27

Is the period in the history of ancient Egypt between about 2050 BC and 1620 BC, stretching from the establishment of the Eleventh Dynasty to the end of the Twelfth Dynasty, although some writers include the Thirteenth and Fourteenth dynasties in the second Intermediate Period.

Question 28

Confucianism

Answer 28

Is an ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the chinese Confucius.

Question 29

Pax Romana

Answer 29

Was the long period of relative and minimal expansion by military force experienced by the Roman Empire in the 1st and 2nd centuries A.D.

Question 30

Guilds

Answer 30

In the Middle Ages, association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect the economic interests.

Question 31

Democracy

Answer 31

Government in which the people hold ruling power.

Question 32

Hieroglyphics

Answer 32

Form of picture writing developed by the ancient Egyptians.

Question 33

Cuneiform

Answer 33

Wedge-shaped writing of the ancient Sumerians.

Question 34

Fertile Crescent

Answer 34

Is a crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of otherwise of arid and semi-arid Western Asia and Nile Delta of northeast Africa.

Question 35

Hagia Sophia

Answer 35

Is a former Greek Orthodox patriarchal basilica (church) later in imperial mosque, and now a museum in Istanbul, Turkey.

Question 36

Justinian’s Code

Answer 36

Was the result of Emperor Justinian’s desire that existing Roman law be collected into a simple and clear system of laws or “code.”

Question 37

Terrace Farming

Answer 37

Is a type of farming that was developed first by the Inca people.

Question 38

Commercial Revolution

Answer 38

Was a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and Mercatilism, which lasted for approximately the 13th century until the early 18th century.

Question 39

Chivalry

Answer 39

Code of conduct for Knights during the Middle Ages.

Question 40

One Hundred year War

Answer 40

Was a series of conflicts waged form 1337 from 1453 between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France for the control of the french throne.

Question 41

Manorialism

Answer 41

An essential element of feudal society, was the organizing of rural economy that originated in the Villa System of the late Roman Empire.