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Food Security > Global Food Security > Flashcards

Global Food Security Flashcards

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1
Q

Define hunger

A
  • Feeling of discomfort, weakness caused by lack of food

- An uncomfortable feeling that can be painful due to the lack of food

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2
Q

Hidden Hunger

A
  • Lack of micro nutrients

- due to illness, poor diet, age

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3
Q

define food security

A

Exists when all people at all times have access (physical and economical) to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and preferences for an active and healthy life.

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4
Q

Define food insecurity

A

Limited or uncertain availability to nutritionally adequate and safe foods in socially acceptable ways

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5
Q

The Right to Food (Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

A

“Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being for himself and his family, including food.”

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6
Q

What does the ICESR state?

A

” freedom from hunger.”

  • Regular, permanent, unrestricted access
  • Quantitatively and qualitatively adequate food
  • Corresponds to cultural traditions

Respect, protect and fufill (do no harm, intervene FI, allow ppl to have food)

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7
Q

Importance to the Right of Food

A

Ethinical Issue: human dignity does not equal to chronic hunger
Economical Issue: no food, no energy to work, no working class, declines countries independence.
Political Issue: Hungry people are more likely to argue

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8
Q

4 Dimensions of Food Security

A
  • Availability
  • Accessibility
  • Stability
  • Utilization
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9
Q

Define Stabilization

A

adequate food must be accessible all year round

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10
Q

Define Availability

A

possibility of feeding oneself and ones family through either production or purchase

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11
Q

Define Accessibility

A

Economic accessibility: Financial means to buy food
Physical accessibility: must be accessible to people everywhere, including remote areas
Social accessibility: must not be shunned or attacked, human dignity must not be compromised

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12
Q

Define Utilization

A

How food is used in the kitchen, the safety level of food, how the body uses food

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13
Q

Types of FI?

A
  • Chronic (due to poverty)
  • Temporary (shock, economic crash)
  • Seasonal (FI seen annually)
  • Acute (life threatening famine)
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14
Q

The Right to Adequate Food approach makes who the center of concern?

A

The vulnerable groups.

All members of society must help, including the private sector.

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15
Q

What is an indicator?

A

measures that allow us to see change and progress towards a goal

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16
Q

Voices of the Hungry (FIES: Food insecurity experience scale)

A

scale determining the severity of food insecurity
The only direct measure of FI
8 questions
Relies on peoples experiences, direct information from people facing FI

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17
Q

Millenium Development Goal

A

Reduce # of hungry people (2005-2015)

Goal - Target - Indicators (evaluate progress)

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18
Q

Millenium Development Goal: Africa, Asia

A

*Issue: resources are not available
Africa: largest % of hungry people based on population
Asia: largest % of hungry people based on report

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19
Q

FAO: Undernourishment

A

Calculate # of calories available per person
Doesn’t take into account nutritional quality of food or safety
Need to know level of activity of people

20
Q

What will increase your risk of becoming FI?

A

Poverty

21
Q

Define Undernourishment

A

people who dont have sufficient energy

22
Q

Define Child Wasting

A

linked to acute undernutrition

child too skinny for height

23
Q

Define child stunting

A

Linked to chronic undernutrition

Too short for their age

24
Q

Determinants of FI

A

No Financial Capital
Low Human Capital
Low Social Captial

**These all lead to poverty unemployment, high food prices

25
Q

Household Food Security (conceptual framework)

A

Mild: Anxiety or worry about uncertainty in the food supply
Moderate: Budget restrictions on the quality of food
Severe: Budget restrictions affect the quantity of food
Presence of Hunger

26
Q

Who is most likely to be FI in Canada?

A

Single Mothers, Aboriginal, parents of children

27
Q

Which province in Canada, is the most FI? Most FS?

A

Nunavut, Alberta

28
Q

Determinants of Undernutrition

A

Basic causes: Social, economic, political context; lack of financial, social, physical capital
Underlying Causes: Inadequate household food security, inadequate care, inadequate services and unhealthy environment
Immediate Causes: Inadequate Diet, Disease
Manifestations: Malnutrition, disability, death

29
Q

Determinants of Health

A

General socioeconomic, cultural, and environment conditions: Living and working conditions (Education, water and santization)
Social and community networks
Individual lifestyle factors
Age, sex

30
Q

Sociocultural Environment

A

Social Organization: hierarchy within the family
Ideology: Way of thinking (Vegetarianism)
Culture: shared understanding that characterizes groups of people and distinguishes them from other groups

31
Q

How do we asses FI?

A

Not just through poverty!

People may be poor, rich, disabled, no transportation, discriminated

32
Q

Assessing FS

A

Availability: Food availability sheet
HH Food Expenditure: Larger portion of income for poor people is spent on food
Dietary Intake: 24 hr recall, inaccurate, labour intensive
Anthropometry: evaluate body, stunting, wasting, obesity (symptom of being FI, doesnt show recent info)
Experienced-Based Scale: Quick,

33
Q

SOFI (State of Food Insecurity in the World)

A

-undernourishment indicator: Food Balance Sheet/ # of calories for pop = # of people undernourished
- follows major trends
Recommendations: Inclusive growth

34
Q

IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute) GHI

A

GHI: summarizes the level of food security of all countries
If 2 countries are the same rank, they may not be in the same situation
Child Stunting and Wasting, Child Mortality

35
Q

Food categorization scheme?

A

Core foods, Secondary foods, Peripheral foods

36
Q

Double Burden

A

Parents are obese, children are undernourished

37
Q

What do FI households consume in greater quantities than other households?

A

Staple grains

38
Q

Metabolic Syndrome

A

Leads to diseases like Heart Disease, Diabetes, Obesity

39
Q

Strategies against FI: Commitments of the World Food Summit Plan of Action

A

1) Political, social, economical environment
2) Policies to access nutritionally adequate foods
3) Participatory and sustainable food policies and practices at household, national and global affairs
4) Fair World Trade System, foo and agricultural trade
5) Prevent and be prepared for natural disasters and man made emergencies
6) Optimal allocation for public and private investments
7) Implement, monitor, follow up plan

40
Q

Main strategies against FI (Mexico)

A
  • Food based Strategies: increase food production, improve dietary diversification
  • Supplementation
  • Global Public Health and disease control
41
Q

Food Systems Approach to combat FI

A

1) Invest in HR
2) Improve access to productive resources and remunerative employment
3) Improve markets, infrastructure and institutions
4) Expand appropriate research, knowledge and technology
5) Improve natural resource management
6) Promote good governace
7) Support sound national and international trade ad macroeconomic politics

42
Q

Dimensions of Poverty

A
  • Income
  • Educational gap
  • Access to health services
  • Access to social security
  • Access to food
  • Housing quality and spaces
  • Access to basic services of housing
43
Q

Econonmist

A

Many indicators: Affordability, Availability, Quality and Safety

44
Q

What is the Food policy in Canada that is working

A

Guaranteed Income Supplement for Elderly

45
Q

How does Gender relate to FI?

A
  • Women spend money towards the family (90%)

- Crop yields could increase 20-30%

Food Security (1 decks)

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