global exam jan 7 Flashcards
how did Rome grow in size?
through conquering other areas and trade on the Mediterranean sea
identify one way the geography of Rome was different than Greece
the land was flatter and the soil was more fertile
what geographic features made it possible for the romans to unite the Italian peninsula
the flat land and the Mediterranean sea
describe the location of the Mediterranean Sea complex
it borders Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia
which body of water helped merchants trade their goods
Mediterranean sea
what geographic features impacted the rise of the classical civilizations in India? how did those features impact the civilizations
the two Indian rivers, the Ganges and the Indus.
they allowed for trade, transportation, and agriculture
what were the Indus River valley civilizations 2 largest settlements and what made them more sophisticated than other settlements at the time
the Harappa and the Mohenjo-Daro, which were more sophisticated because of their street grid pattern and drainage systems
describe the location of ancient greece
north of the Mediterranean Sea and west of the Aegean Sea
what effect did the punic wars have on Rome’s dominance over other regions?
it increased their dominance and power
who fought in the punic wars?
Rome, led by Hannibal
vs
Carthrage, led by scipio
how did the punic wars begin?
rome and Carthage both wanted control of Sicily
who was Alexander the great and how did he gain power?
he was an important leader and great military general. he gained power quickly by conquering surrounding areas
was Athens a true democracy
no because only, land-owning, male citizens could vote and decide for the people. this was only 12% of the population.
who was shi huangdi? what was china like before he ruled and what was it like once he started
a Chinese leader who unified china and practiced legalism. before his rule, china was decided into warring states. after, china was unified
how did legalism help shi huangdi gain and maintain power
his strict laws and punishments ensured no one would disobey him.
ex: he killed scholars that spoke out against him
ex: he burned books that weren’t about agriculture, medicine, or divination
from whom did the romans borrow many of their ideas about literacy religion and architecture
the greek
give examples of religions, ideas, and technologies that were spread through the silk road
Christianity, silk, ivory, lamps, buddhism, compasses, carpets, wheelbarrows, wine…
what is hellenistic culture
the combination of Egyptian, Persian, Indian, and greek culture
how did shi huangdi expand trade in china
he connected the canals and roads so that transportation was easier and faster, and standardized language and measurements so that communication was better
how did hellenistic culture spread
through Alexander the great’s conquering
explain the social hierarchy in the roman empire
on top patricians- wealthy land owners
plebeians- lower class citizens
freedmen- former slaves
on the bottom slaves- considered property, no legal rights
three similarities between Athens and sparta
slavery
social classes
women were expected to bear children
five differences between Athens and sparta
a- trade was important
s-trade was disccouraged
a-women had less rights
s-women had more rights
a-society focused on art and philosophy
s-society focused on strength, duty, dicipline
a-women couldn’t own property
s-women could own property
a-had a democracy
s-2 kings, assembly, 5 ephors
what led to the roman empires golden age
Augustus united Rome and expanded romes borders. Rome also won the punic wars which brought much prosperity
what led to ancient Greeces golden age
when the greek won the Persian wars, which brought much prosperity
what were 3 innovations/accomplishments made during the Gupta empire? what impacts did these things have?
advances in math- trig, neg. numbers, decimal points,
Gupta sculpture- inspired by buddhism and hinduism impressive metallurgy- impressive weapons
what led to the Gupta empires golden age
they had strong military alliances and an aggressive expansionist policy
what were 3 innovations/accomplishments made during the Han dynasty? what impacts did these things have?
compass- helps travelers determine direction
Silk Road- trade network that spread new ideas all over
paper making- paper, also led to printing
what were 3 innovations/accomplishments made during the roman empire
arches/domes- important styles of architecture still used today
aqueducts- important innovation for carrying water
medicine- surgery and treatments became more advanced
what were 3 innovations/accomplishments made during ancient greece? what impacts did these things have?
democracy- important form of government
parthenon- important monument for Greece
medicine- study of medicine was greatly advanced
why is hinduism considered a monotheistic belief system? why is it also considered polytheistic
some believe it is polytheistic because it has more than 33,000 gods. however others believe that it is monotheistic because those 33,000 gods are all just different forms of the same one god
why did buddhism reject the caste system
because they didn’t want to become brahmans and be on top of the hierarchy, they just wanted to escape the reincarnation cycle and reaching moksha
who was Ashoka
a ruler of India who after a brutal war, converted to buddhism and led India with buddhist teachings
how did Ashoka spread buddhism outside of india
by building edicts that had buddhist teachings on them
when was Greeces golden age
461-429 BCE
where did christianity originate
judea
who founded christianity
the followers of Jesus of nazareth
