global commons Flashcards
what are global commons?
an area that is not owned by an individual, country or organisation
resources can be shared
how many global commons are there?
4 (5?)
what are the 4 global commons?
the atmosphere
antarctica
high seas
outer space
cyberspace
what pressures affect the global commons
- tragedy of the commons
- industrialisation
- advances in technology
what does tragedy of the commons mean
concept in which a shared common space is likely to be overexploited as countries feel there are no consequences
why might countries feel they can exploit a shared space?
as it is everyones the consequences will be shared
how has industrialisation and development a pressure?
an increased demand for resources out of these areas
how is advances in technology a pressure?
made access to the areas much easier meaning they are more vulnerable to exploitation
how can pressures be reduced?
international laws and treaties
what controls the high seas?
the UN convention of the law of the sea
what controls space?
1979 moon treaty
what controls Antarctica?
Madrid protocol 1991
what controls the atmosphere?
the kyoto protocol
how are global commons protected ?
- cooperation of countries
- laws and set rules of global governance
- ngos
