Global Climate Trade Flashcards
UV-C Radiation is
Completed *absorbed by ozone layer
By *absorbed, what actually happens to UV-C Radiation in the ozone layer?
It breaks the bond of O2 molecules, which are singular O, then they bond with O2 to form ozone (O3)
What actually happens to UV-B Radiation in the ozone layer (or technically UV-C)?
It breaks ozone (O3) into O and O2, and the O can reunite with another O to form a second O2.
Water combines with carbon dioxide to create
Carbonic acid H2CO3
Carbonic Acid Dissociates into
Bicarbonate HCO3 and hydrogen ions
The shells of many ocean creatures and the skeletons of corals are made of
Calcium carbonate CaCO3
To make Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) for marine organisms shells, they must combine
Calcium ions (Ca) with carbonate ions (CO3)
Hydrogen ions not only increase pH levels, but they will bond
bond with the carbonate ions (CO3) more easily than calcium ions (Ca). This creates HCO3, or another bicarbonate ion (HCO3). Marine organisms cannot use this bicarbonate (HCO3).
Enough hydrogen ions will
break apart existing CaCO3 bonds, dissolving shells and skeletons that are already formed.
Consumption of carbonate ions (CO3) impedes calcification, which is important because
Corals will need carbonate ions (CO3) for their skeletons. Corals are the foundation of highly biodiverse reef ecosystem, and provide food and habitat for a variety of marine life. When they are damaged, biodiversity will greatly decrease.
CO2 concentrations are increased though
Burning fossil fuels, driving vehicles, and deforestation.
Native species characteristics
-Stand wide variety of abiotic conditions
-Lots of offspring in short gestation times
-Wide diet type
-Little parental care
-Frequent reproduction
Invasive Species compete with native species for
Niche space. Invasive speces have a competitive advantage over (endemic) native species.
Invasive Species can be transported through
Balance water of ships, boat water, shipping containers, shoes/clothing of animals transport of lumber and firewood, movement of wind and water.
Stopping spread of invasive species
Keep firewood where it is cut, dry clean and check boat and socks/shoes.
Introduce a competitor, predator or pathogen of an
invasive species to control its population. Can also use specific pesticides, and do physical removal or burns.
The introduction of the cane toad to control the grey cane beetle lead to
the cane toad becoming invasive and competing with native species.
Residence time of major greenhouse gases
CO2
N2O
CH4
CFCs
H2O
GWP of major greenhouse gasses
CO2
N2O
CH4
CFCs
H2O
Formation of Ozone
O2 + UV-C = O + O –> O + O2 = O3
Breakdown of Ozone
O3+ UV-C/B = O2 + O
Chlorine breakdown of ozone
CFCs + UV = Cl –> Cl + O3 = O2 + ClO –> ClO + O = Cl + O2
