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CWORLD > GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY > Flashcards

GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY Flashcards

1
Q

A proposed epoch dating from the commencement of significant human impact on Earth’s geology and ecosystems

A

Anthropocene

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2
Q

12,000–15,000 years ago was the beginning of?

A

Agricultural Revolution

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3
Q

When was the invention of the steam engine and what did it signify?

A

1780, Industrial Revolution

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4
Q

short term firmness in position, permanence and

resistance to change, especially in disruptive way

A

Stability

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5
Q

long term capacities of a system to exist,

not its short term resistance to change

A

Sustainability

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6
Q

premised on the idea of making everyone live and

consume like a typical Western does

A

Western centric globalization

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7
Q

The continuous commodification of the
world’s resources from water to air, from minerals to
forest lands under the current economic system
would exhaust the world’s finite.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

The current trend points to the global race to the bottom

with regards to wages and corporate tax rates.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

being considered as an alternative method of global

sustainable development.

A

Degrowth

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10
Q

a Bolivian concept of giving Mother Earth
and all creatures an inalienable “Right”. This is the first law that granted nature with rights equal to humans. This relabels the nation’s mineral deposits as “Blessings” to come. It empowered communities to monitor industrial polluters and culminated in the establishments of a relevant ministry that will prioritize the protection of
environment without stopping all industrialization schemes

A

Pachamama Socialism

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11
Q

to build a new form of public coexistence, in diversity and in harmony with nature, to achieve a good way of living. It is a way of doing things that is community centric, ecologically balanced and culturally
sensitive.

A

Buen Vivir

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12
Q

This call is for a system that prioritizes people over profit, communities over
corporations, and environment over economic growth.

A

Buen Vivir

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13
Q

This idea is best captured by the statement: “live simply so that others may simply live”

A

Buen Vivir

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14
Q

Offer a perspective into the challenges and opportunities that confront the contemporary world

A

Global Trends

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15
Q

The current model of economic growth and activity operate on the notion of a linear direction of profit, on the desire to constantly achieve a state of equilibrium in the interplay of costs and gains, and on the assumption that market forces typically rotate around the need to be stable.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

it considers firms as the most important actors for welfare creation in national economies, since they provide innovations and new products.

A

Varieties of Capitalism

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17
Q

To achieve their goals they need access to resources, to mention the most fundamental ones — capital, labour and skills. This access is not always easy due to risk and uncertainty which concern almost every transaction in
an economy.

A

Varieties of Capitalism

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18
Q

Characterized by dynamic access to resources, which means, that it is
relatively inexpensive to change conditions of transactions or resign from it.

A

Liberal Market Economy

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19
Q

Capital is derived often from stock markets, where assets can quickly
change owners and their value is estimated by price mechanisms.

A

Liberal Market Economy

20
Q

The labour market is also shaped by dynamic relations, where hire and fire
is relatively easy due to limited regulation. If firms perceive the market
situation bad they simply lay off workers, but if prospects are promising
they quickly employ.

A

Liberal Market Economy

21
Q

Individuals and potential workers invest in their knowledge and then
sell it to firms. However, due to flexibility of the labour market they
tend to choose transferable skill profiles, since they must consider
their chances and balance the promise of getting a high salary for
unique skills with the risk of remaining unemployed.

A

Liberal Market Economy

22
Q

Transactions are more stable and long term oriented. Capital is provided
by banks which create loyalty based relations with firms, thus the access is
‘patient’.

A

Coordinated Market Economy

23
Q

The labour market is characterized by long term contracts and relatively
low differences in wage levels.

A

Coordinated Market Economy

24
Q

Skills are produced rather in companies, which invest their own capital in
order to create a set of specific, rare qualifications fitting ideally into their
product profile. Since workers get employed for a longer time this kind of
an investment makes sense.

A

Coordinated Market Economy

25
Q

Japan and Germany have been considered as typical examples of
CME. Their institutional comparative advantage is found in branches,
which demand very specialized skills and are based on incremental
innovations. They do not compete with low costs, but rather high
quality. This is something that we can easily observe in German and
Japanese factories for cars or sophisticated machines.

A

Coordinated Market Economy

26
Q

in innovation cycle, they drive the global system with their new technologies and rising productivity

A

Liberal Market Economy

27
Q

in innovation cycle, they immigrate to LMEs, which offer higher salaries.

A

Coordinated Market Economy

28
Q

when the wave of innovations calms, they make their own job by integrating the latest technologies into sophisticated production regimes and
providing the global market with mature, high quality products and also well-educated workers.

A

Coordinated Market Economy

29
Q

after making own jobs of cme , they are now enabled to shift resources to new experiments and
prepare a new wave of innovations

A

Liberal Market Economy

30
Q

Growing population and associated food consumption is fueling
biodiversity loss on an unprecedented scale, with 40 percent of the world’s
once-forested land now cleared for human agriculture and settlements.

A

TRUE

31
Q

Ecosystems on land and in the ocean are being devastated by plastic
packaging – a large percentage of which comes from food and beverage
products.

A

TRUE

32
Q

the availability at all times of
adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices

A

Food Security defined by UN World Food Conference

33
Q

it exists ‘when all people, at all times, have
physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food
preferences for an active and healthy life

A

Food Security

34
Q

who identified the four key pillars of food security

A

Food and Agriculture Organization

35
Q

what are the four key pillars of food security

A

Availability
Access
Utilization
Stability

36
Q

it takes place at production, post harvest, processing stages, distribution

A

Food loss

37
Q

it happens at retail consumption

A

Food waste

38
Q 
addresses the “supply side” of food
security and is determined
by the level of food
production, stock levels and
net trade.
A

Food Availability

39
Q 
An adequate supply of food at
the national or international
level does not in itself
guarantee household level
food security. Concerns about
insufficient food access have
resulted in a greater policy
focus on incomes, expenditure,
markets and prices in achieving
food security objectives.
A

Food Access

40
Q

commonly understood as
the way the body makes the most of
various nutrients in the food.

A

Food Utilization

41
Q 
Sufficient energy and nutrient intake by
individuals is the result of good care
and feeding practices, food
preparation, diversity of the diet and
intra-household distribution of food.
Combined with good biological
utilization of food consumed, this
determines the nutritional status of
individuals.
A

TRUE

42
Q

Supply side, accessibility, utilization in the long run

A

Food Stability

43
Q

Long-term or persistent and occurs when people are unableto meet their minimum food
requirements over a sustained
period of time.

A

Chronic Food Insecurity

44
Q 
Results from extended periods
of poverty, lack of assets and
inadequate access to
productive or financial
resources.
A

Chronic Food Insecurity

45
Q

Short-term or temporary occurs when there is a sudden drop in the ability to produce or access
enough food to maintain a good
nutritional status.

A

Transitory Food Insecurity

46
Q 
Results from short-term shocks and
fluctuations in food availability and
food access, including year-to-year
variations in domestic food
production, food process and
household incomes.
A

Transitory Food Insecurity

47
Q

collection of 17 global goals designed to be a “blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.”

A

Sustainable Development Goals

CWORLD (1 decks)

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