GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY

Question 1

A proposed epoch dating from the commencement of significant human impact on Earth’s geology and ecosystems

Answer 1

Anthropocene

Question 2

12,000–15,000 years ago was the beginning of?

Answer 2

Agricultural Revolution

Question 3

When was the invention of the steam engine and what did it signify?

Answer 3

1780, Industrial Revolution

Question 4

short term firmness in position, permanence and

resistance to change, especially in disruptive way

Answer 4

Stability

Question 5

long term capacities of a system to exist,

not its short term resistance to change

Answer 5

Sustainability

Question 6

premised on the idea of making everyone live and

consume like a typical Western does

Answer 6

Western centric globalization

Question 7

The continuous commodification of the
world’s resources from water to air, from minerals to
forest lands under the current economic system
would exhaust the world’s finite.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

The current trend points to the global race to the bottom

with regards to wages and corporate tax rates.

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

being considered as an alternative method of global

sustainable development.

Answer 9

Degrowth

Question 10

a Bolivian concept of giving Mother Earth
and all creatures an inalienable “Right”. This is the first law that granted nature with rights equal to humans. This relabels the nation’s mineral deposits as “Blessings” to come. It empowered communities to monitor industrial polluters and culminated in the establishments of a relevant ministry that will prioritize the protection of
environment without stopping all industrialization schemes

Answer 10

Pachamama Socialism

Question 11

to build a new form of public coexistence, in diversity and in harmony with nature, to achieve a good way of living. It is a way of doing things that is community centric, ecologically balanced and culturally
sensitive.

Answer 11

Buen Vivir

Question 12

This call is for a system that prioritizes people over profit, communities over
corporations, and environment over economic growth.

Answer 12

Buen Vivir

Question 13

This idea is best captured by the statement: “live simply so that others may simply live”

Answer 13

Buen Vivir

Question 14

Offer a perspective into the challenges and opportunities that confront the contemporary world

Answer 14

Global Trends

Question 15

The current model of economic growth and activity operate on the notion of a linear direction of profit, on the desire to constantly achieve a state of equilibrium in the interplay of costs and gains, and on the assumption that market forces typically rotate around the need to be stable.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

it considers firms as the most important actors for welfare creation in national economies, since they provide innovations and new products.

Answer 16

Varieties of Capitalism

Question 17

To achieve their goals they need access to resources, to mention the most fundamental ones — capital, labour and skills. This access is not always easy due to risk and uncertainty which concern almost every transaction in
an economy.

Answer 17

Varieties of Capitalism

Question 18

Characterized by dynamic access to resources, which means, that it is
relatively inexpensive to change conditions of transactions or resign from it.

Answer 18

Liberal Market Economy

Question 19

Capital is derived often from stock markets, where assets can quickly
change owners and their value is estimated by price mechanisms.

Answer 19

Liberal Market Economy

Question 20

The labour market is also shaped by dynamic relations, where hire and fire
is relatively easy due to limited regulation. If firms perceive the market
situation bad they simply lay off workers, but if prospects are promising
they quickly employ.

Answer 20

Liberal Market Economy

Question 21

Individuals and potential workers invest in their knowledge and then
sell it to firms. However, due to flexibility of the labour market they
tend to choose transferable skill profiles, since they must consider
their chances and balance the promise of getting a high salary for
unique skills with the risk of remaining unemployed.

Answer 21

Liberal Market Economy

Question 22

Transactions are more stable and long term oriented. Capital is provided
by banks which create loyalty based relations with firms, thus the access is
‘patient’.

Answer 22

Coordinated Market Economy

Question 23

The labour market is characterized by long term contracts and relatively
low differences in wage levels.

Answer 23

Coordinated Market Economy

Question 24

Skills are produced rather in companies, which invest their own capital in
order to create a set of specific, rare qualifications fitting ideally into their
product profile. Since workers get employed for a longer time this kind of
an investment makes sense.

Answer 24

Coordinated Market Economy

Question 25

Japan and Germany have been considered as typical examples of CME. Their institutional comparative advantage is found in branches, which demand very specialized skills and are based on incremental innovations. They do not compete with low costs, but rather high quality. This is something that we can easily observe in German and Japanese factories for cars or sophisticated machines.

Answer 25

Coordinated Market Economy

Question 26

in innovation cycle, they drive the global system with their new technologies and rising productivity

Answer 26

Liberal Market Economy

Question 27

in innovation cycle, they immigrate to LMEs, which offer higher salaries.

Answer 27

Coordinated Market Economy

Question 28

when the wave of innovations calms, they make their own job by integrating the latest technologies into sophisticated production regimes and providing the global market with mature, high quality products and also well-educated workers.

Answer 28

Coordinated Market Economy

Question 29

after making own jobs of cme , they are now enabled to shift resources to new experiments and prepare a new wave of innovations

Answer 29

Liberal Market Economy

Question 30

Growing population and associated food consumption is fueling biodiversity loss on an unprecedented scale, with 40 percent of the world’s once-forested land now cleared for human agriculture and settlements.

Answer 30

TRUE

Question 31

Ecosystems on land and in the ocean are being devastated by plastic packaging – a large percentage of which comes from food and beverage products.

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

the availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices

Answer 32

Food Security defined by UN World Food Conference

Question 33

it exists ‘when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life

Answer 33

Food Security

Question 34

who identified the four key pillars of food security

Answer 34

Food and Agriculture Organization

Question 35

what are the four key pillars of food security

Answer 35

Availability Access Utilization Stability

Question 36

it takes place at production, post harvest, processing stages, distribution

Answer 36

Food loss

Question 37

it happens at retail consumption

Answer 37

Food waste

Question 38

``` addresses the “supply side” of food security and is determined by the level of food production, stock levels and net trade. ```

Answer 38

Food Availability

Question 39

``` An adequate supply of food at the national or international level does not in itself guarantee household level food security. Concerns about insufficient food access have resulted in a greater policy focus on incomes, expenditure, markets and prices in achieving food security objectives. ```

Answer 39

Food Access

Question 40

commonly understood as the way the body makes the most of various nutrients in the food.

Answer 40

Food Utilization

Question 41

``` Sufficient energy and nutrient intake by individuals is the result of good care and feeding practices, food preparation, diversity of the diet and intra-household distribution of food. Combined with good biological utilization of food consumed, this determines the nutritional status of individuals. ```

Answer 41

TRUE

Question 42

Supply side, accessibility, utilization in the long run

Answer 42

Food Stability

Question 43

Long-term or persistent and occurs when people are unableto meet their minimum food requirements over a sustained period of time.

Answer 43

Chronic Food Insecurity

Question 44

``` Results from extended periods of poverty, lack of assets and inadequate access to productive or financial resources. ```

Answer 44

Chronic Food Insecurity

Question 45

Short-term or temporary occurs when there is a sudden drop in the ability to produce or access enough food to maintain a good nutritional status.

Answer 45

Transitory Food Insecurity

Question 46

``` Results from short-term shocks and fluctuations in food availability and food access, including year-to-year variations in domestic food production, food process and household incomes. ```

Answer 46

Transitory Food Insecurity

Question 47

collection of 17 global goals designed to be a "blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all."

Answer 47

Sustainable Development Goals