Global and Local Winds

Question 1

Heat

Answer 1

Thermal energy is

Question 2

Heat transfer

Answer 2

The transfer of thermal energy or heat from one object to another

Question 3

Coriolis effect

Answer 3

the change that the earth’s rotation causes in the motion of objects and that explains how winds curve

Question 4

Doldrums

Answer 4

are a calm area where warm air rises near the equator. Because it warms so quickly, there is little air movement.

Question 5

Horse latitudes

Answer 5

are calm areas of falling air that occur at 30 degrees north and south latitudes.

Question 6

Trade winds

Answer 6

low from the horse latitudes toward the equator

Question 7

prevailing westerlies

Answer 7

blow cold air away from the horse latitudes. These winds impact the weather in North America.

Question 8

Convection currents

Answer 8

are the circular paths that air flows. Form when an area of Earth’s
surface is heated by the sun’s rays. Air over the heated surface expands and becomes less dense.
As the air becomes less dense, its pressure decreases. Air above the cooler surface will be more
dense with a higher pressure. The cool dense air with a higher air pressure will flow underneath
the warm, less dense air forcing it to rise.

Question 9

Anemometer

Answer 9

measures wind speed

Question 10

the flow of air from a body of water to the land (occurs during the day)

Answer 10

SEA BREEZE

During the day the sun heats up the land more quickly than the water. The air
over the land becomes warmer than the air over the water.
● The warm land air expands and rises, creating a low-pressure area.
● The cooler air from the water (high pressure) moves beneath the warm air over
the land (low pressure) causing a sea breeze. The breeze blows from the cool water

to the warm land.

Question 11

from land to a body of water (occurs at night)

Answer 11

LAND BREEZE

During the night, the land cools down more quickly than the water.
● The air over the land becomes cooler than the land over the water.
● The cooler air from the land (high pressure) moves beneath the warm air
of the water (low pressure) causing a land breeze. The breeze blows from the cool
land to the warm water.

Question 12

Jet stream

Answer 12

High altitude winds.

The Jet Stream is a high-altitude wind in the troposphere. It is caused by 2 air masses that have extremely different temperatures.

Question 13

Wind

Answer 13

Wind is the movement of air. Wind is caused by air of different temperatures and densities moving from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.