Global

Question 1

Define biosphere

Answer 1

Area in which all living organisms exist

Question 2

Define biome

Answer 2

Group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities

Question 3

Define population

Answer 3

Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

Question 4

State 3 essential non-living components of an ecosystem

Answer 4

Water
Temperature
Sunlight

Question 5

An ecosystem survives by a…..

Answer 5

Combination of energy flow and matter recycling

Question 6

Define autotroph

Answer 6

Plants, some algae, bacteria that can capture energy from sunlight and use that to produce food

Question 7

Define decomposer

Answer 7

Organisms that eat dead animals and plant material as well as other organic matter, converting back into form which can be re used

Question 8

Omnivore

Answer 8

Animals who eat plants and animals

Question 9

Carnivore

Answer 9

Animals who eat other animals

Question 10

Herbivore

Answer 10

Animals that only eat plants

Question 11

Describe the difference between a food web and a food chain

Answer 11

Food chain is a linear sequence of who eats whom in a biological community, a food web is a network of food chains or feeding relationships by which energy and nutrients are passed on

Question 12

How much energy is lost each trophies level

Answer 12

10%
Eg producer has 100%
Primary consumer / trophies level 2 has 10%
Trophies level 3 has 1%

Question 13

How is the energy lost through trophies levels / where does it go?

Answer 13

Lost through carrying out tasks
Processing nutritients
Maintaining body temperature

Question 14

Explain why there is rarely a 4th order consumer in a food chain

Answer 14

Because so much energy is lost there isn’t enough nutrients for the consumer

Question 15

Explain the role of these in a water cycle:

1. Evaporation
2. Transpiration
3. Precipitation
4. Condensation

Answer 15

1. The process by which water changes from liquid to gas / vapour
2. Process by which plants absorb water and then again release it in the form of vapour through the leaves
3. Water released from clouds (rain, snow, hail)
4. Process by which water vapour is changed back into liquid

Question 16

What 3 ways is nitrogen taken into soil

Answer 16

Lightning (reacts with water and produces nitrates)

Nitrogen fixing bacteria are able to convert atmosphere nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates

When organisms die nitrifying/denitrifying bacteria in soil release nitrogen

Question 17

Explain the role of nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer 17

It takes nitrogen from the atmosphere, converting it into ammonium that is released into the soil or through the legumes

Question 18

What happens when there is too much nitrogen in a lake

Answer 18

Algae bloom

Question 19

What is a scientific term for algae bloom

Answer 19

Eutrophication

Question 20

Explain consequences of how the algal-blooms affect the waterway ecosystem

Answer 20

Creates toxic water

Limits access to food for organisms in water

Stops photosynthesis in water

Plants and organisms die

Destroys ecosystems

Question 21

Name the biological process that removed oxygen from the atmosphere

Answer 21

Respiration

Question 22

Define a sustainable ecosystem

Answer 22

A sustainable ecosystem is a biological environment that can thrive and support itself without outside help

Question 23

Name 2 long term stores of carbon

Answer 23

Limestone

Coal

Question 24

Explain where carbon in coal and oil came from

Answer 24

Preserves of remains of once’s living organisms that is released through burning them

Question 25

Explain the difference between nitrifying bacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria

Answer 25

Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium into nitrates and nitrites

Denitrifying bacteria obtain energy from nitrates and convert them back into gas N2

Nitrogen fixing bacteria can be found in soil as well as on submerged objects in lakes and ponds. They take gas N2 nitrogen and convert it into ammonium or nitrates