GLO 6 and 7

Question 1

what are the two types of mechanical waves:

Answer 1

tranverse and longitudinal

Question 2

what are the factors that influence the period of a pendulum?

Answer 2

• length of the pendulum
• acceleration due to gravity

Question 3

simple harmonic motion:

Answer 3

• SMH
• is a repetitive motion where a restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from its equilibrium point.
• ex. springs and pendulums

Question 4

reflection:

Answer 4

when waves relect of a bounary, they obey the law of reflection
- angles are measured from normal line, NOT the boundary!

Question 5

why does sound travel slower in cooler air?

Answer 5

• waves travel faster in more elastic mediums
• the denser the medium, the slower waves travel

Question 6

how can energy be transferred from point A to point B?

Answer 6

waves or particles

Question 7

what does NOT influence the period of a pendulum

Answer 7

mass of the pendulum and the amplitude have no effect

Question 8

in a graph of force versus change in length for a spring what does the area under the graph and the slope represent?

Answer 8

• the area under the graph is equal to the potential energy
• the slope of the graph is equal to the spring constant

Question 9

longitudinal wave:

Answer 9

• the source of disturbance is parallel to the energy transfer
  -the particles that make up the medium to transmit longitudinal waves vibrate parallel to the direction the wave travels

Question 10

destructive interference:

Answer 10

occurs when two waves add to produce a resultant with smaller amplitude than either of the original waves

Question 11

interference:

Answer 11

occurs when waves meet and superimpose upon each other

Question 12

order in an increase in the speed of sound through the three states of matter:

Answer 12

gas -> liquid -> solid

Question 13

amplitude:

Answer 13

is a wave’s maximum displacement from equilibrium(rest position)
- as the amplitude of a wave increases, so does its energy
- for sound waves, the amplitude represents the volume, for light it represents brightness

Question 14

what is the source of the restoring force for a swinging pendulum?

Answer 14

gravity
Fg

Question 15

example of resonance:

Answer 15

striking a tuning fork and a nearby tuning fork with the same frequency starts to vibrate without being struck

Question 16

what is sound classified as?

Answer 16

a mechanical wave

Question 17

what physics phenomena allows sound waves to travel around corners?

Answer 17

diffraction

Question 18

standing waves:

Answer 18

are produced when two identical waves travelling in opposite directions interfere, producing points of maximum amplitude and points of minimum amplitude.
- these nodes and antinodes remain in the same location causing the wave to appear to stand still
- do not transmit energy, travelling waves do

Question 19

constructive interference:

Answer 19

occurs when two waves add to produce a resultant wave with larger amplitude than either of the original waves

Question 20

transverse wave:

Answer 20

• the source disturbance oscillates perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
• the medium to transmit transverse waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction the wave travels

Question 21

law of reflection:

Answer 21

The principle when the light rays fall on the smooth surface, the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence
θi = θr

Question 22

antinodes:

Answer 22

• are the area in a standing wave where total constructive interference occurs (maximum amplitude

Question 23

what does not influence the period of a mass on a string?

Answer 23

the size of oscilation(amplitude)

Question 24

boundary:

Answer 24

• a boundary is a change in medium
• when a wave encounters a boundary, they do three things
  
  1. transit (passes through old medium to new)
  2. absorption
  3. reflection

Question 25

what is the source of the restoring force for a vertically hung spring oscillating up and down?

Answer 25

Hookes Law
Fs = kx

Question 26

diffraction:

Answer 26

is the bending or spreading out of waves as they pass through an opening or by a corner
- waves diffract but particles do not
- as a wavelength increases, the amount of
diffraction increases**
- lower frequency waves diffract MORE than high
frequency waves
- for sizeable diffraction effects to occur, the width of the opening must be of the same size or less than the wavelength of the wave

Question 27

is pitch the same as frequency?

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

resonance:

Answer 28

is the vibration that occurs in an object when it experiences a periodic force with the same frequency as the natural frequency of the object

Question 29

what are factors that influence the period of a mass on a spring?

Answer 29

• mass
• stiffness o the spring(spring constant) (k)

Question 30

nodes:

Answer 30

are the points in a standing wave where total destructive interference occurs (minimum amplitude)