GLO 6 and 7 Flashcards
what are the two types of mechanical waves:
tranverse and longitudinal
what are the factors that influence the period of a pendulum?
- length of the pendulum
- acceleration due to gravity
simple harmonic motion:
- SMH
- is a repetitive motion where a restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from its equilibrium point.
- ex. springs and pendulums
reflection:
when waves relect of a bounary, they obey the law of reflection
- angles are measured from normal line, NOT the boundary!
why does sound travel slower in cooler air?
- waves travel faster in more elastic mediums
- the denser the medium, the slower waves travel
how can energy be transferred from point A to point B?
waves or particles
what does NOT influence the period of a pendulum
mass of the pendulum and the amplitude have no effect
in a graph of force versus change in length for a spring what does the area under the graph and the slope represent?
- the area under the graph is equal to the potential energy
- the slope of the graph is equal to the spring constant
longitudinal wave:
- the source of disturbance is parallel to the energy transfer
-the particles that make up the medium to transmit longitudinal waves vibrate parallel to the direction the wave travels
destructive interference:
occurs when two waves add to produce a resultant with smaller amplitude than either of the original waves
interference:
occurs when waves meet and superimpose upon each other
order in an increase in the speed of sound through the three states of matter:
gas -> liquid -> solid
amplitude:
is a wave’s maximum displacement from equilibrium(rest position)
- as the amplitude of a wave increases, so does its energy
- for sound waves, the amplitude represents the volume, for light it represents brightness
what is the source of the restoring force for a swinging pendulum?
gravity
Fg
example of resonance:
striking a tuning fork and a nearby tuning fork with the same frequency starts to vibrate without being struck
what is sound classified as?
a mechanical wave
what physics phenomena allows sound waves to travel around corners?
diffraction
standing waves:
are produced when two identical waves travelling in opposite directions interfere, producing points of maximum amplitude and points of minimum amplitude.
- these nodes and antinodes remain in the same location causing the wave to appear to stand still
- do not transmit energy, travelling waves do
constructive interference:
occurs when two waves add to produce a resultant wave with larger amplitude than either of the original waves
transverse wave:
- the source disturbance oscillates perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
- the medium to transmit transverse waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction the wave travels
law of reflection:
The principle when the light rays fall on the smooth surface, the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence
θi = θr
antinodes:
- are the area in a standing wave where total constructive interference occurs (maximum amplitude
what does not influence the period of a mass on a string?
the size of oscilation(amplitude)
boundary:
- a boundary is a change in medium
- when a wave encounters a boundary, they do three things
- transit (passes through old medium to new)
- absorption
- reflection