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Mammalogy. > Glires (Rodents and Lagamorphs). > Flashcards

Glires (Rodents and Lagamorphs). Flashcards

1
Q

Rodentia.
What does Rodere mean?

A

To gnaw.

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2
Q

Rodentia.
Name 4 rodent characteristics.

A
  1. Characterised by a single pair of openrooted incisors.
  2. gnawing faclilitated by diastema (gap).
  3. Small (mostly).
  4. Herbivorous.
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3
Q

Rodentia.
What percentage of mammals are rodents?

A

43%.

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4
Q

Rodentia.
Name the 2 rotentia sub orders, and what animals they house.

A

Sciurofnathi - squirrels and mouse like forms.
Hystricognathi - porcupine and cavy like forms.

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5
Q

Whats another name for the glires order?

A

Myochonta.

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6
Q

Rodentia.
Name the 3 (relevent) sciuromorph families, and the animals they house.
BQ: How many families are there in the order overall?

A

Scuiridae - squirrels and marmots.
Castoridae - beavers.
Muridae - rats and mice.
BQ: 16.

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7
Q

Rodentia.
Name the 5 (relevent) hystricomorph families, and the animals they house.

A

Hystricidae - old world porcupines.
Erethizontidae - new world porcupines.
Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis.
Hydrochaeridae - capybara.
Myocastoridae - coypu or nutra.

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8
Q

Rodentia.
Name a species convergent to the patagonian mara.

A

Kirk’s dik dik.

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9
Q

Rodentia.
Name 4 skull morphology characteristics.

A
  1. Pterygoid region well developed.
  2. Zygomatic arch complete.
  3. Paraoccipital processes often large.
  4. Auditory bullae greatly large in some.
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10
Q

Rodentia.
Name 5 dentition characteristics.

A
  1. Adapted for gnawing.
  2. Incisors - 1 upper pair and 1 lower pair (one incisor per quadrant).
  3. Canines absent.
  4. Diastema between incisors and molars.
  5. Dental formula always starts with 1/1, 0/0.
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11
Q

Rodentia.
Name 5 characteristics of the incesors.

A
  1. Openrooted (rootless).
  2. Prosterior surface lacks enamel.
  3. Softer exposed dentine wears away leaving chisel like enamel edge.
  4. highly effective self sharpening.
  5. Lips can be closed behind incisors (mouth doesnt fill with gnawed debris).
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12
Q

Rodentia.
Name 2 molar characteristics.

A
  1. Openrooted in some places.
  2. Occlusal surfaces (variable in form, often complex; efficiant grinding and sectioning plant material).
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13
Q

Rodentia.
Name 3 reproductive morphologies.

A
  1. Duplex uterus.
  2. Internal testies (or within scrotum).
  3. Baculum in all males.
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14
Q

Rodents.
Name 2 characteristics of abrocomidae
BQ: What animals belong to abrocomidae?

A
  1. Rat like body.
  2. Stiff hairs project beyong nails nails of middle hind digits.
    BQ: Chinchilla rats.
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15
Q

Rodents.
Name 2 charactersitics of anomaluridae.
BQ: What animal belongs to this family?

A
  1. Glide using patagium.
  2. Rough overlapping scales near base of tail (grip for climbing and landing).
    BQ: Scaly-tailed flying squirrel.
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16
Q

Rodents.
What 2 species belong to agoutidae?

A
  1. Lowland paca.
  2. Mountain paca.
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17
Q

Rodents.
What animal belongs to aplomontidae?

A

Mountain beaver.

18
Q

Rodents.
What animal belongs to bathyergidae?

A

Mole rats.

19
Q

Rodents.
What animal belongs to castoridae?

A

Beavers.

20
Q

Rodents.
What animal belongs to capromyidae?

A

Hutias.

21
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to caviidae?

A

Guinea pigs and cavies.

22
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to chinchillidae?

A

Chinchillas.

23
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to ctenodactylidae?

A

Gundis.

24
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to ctenomyidae?

A

Tuco-tucos.

25
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to dasyproctidae?

A

Agoutis and acouchis.

26
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to dinomyidae?

A

Pacarana.

27
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to dipodidae?

A

Jumping mice etc.

28
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to echimyidae?

A

Spiny rats.

29
Q

Rodents.
What animals belong to erethizontidae?

A

New world porcupines.

30
Q

Rodents.
What animal belongs to geomyidae?

A

Pocket gophers.

31
Q

Rodents.
What animal belongs to geomyidae?

A

heteromyidae - kangaroo rats

32
Q

Lagomorpha.
What does lagamorph mean?

A

Hare shaped.

33
Q

Lagamorpha.
Can you name both families within lagomorpha and what animals they include.

A

Ochontonidae - pikas.
leporidae - rabbits and hares.

34
Q

Lagomorpha.
When were they first known from (Epoch)?
BQ: Can you name the country?

A

Palocene.
BQ: China.

35
Q

Lagomorpha.
Name 3 skull morphological characteristics.

A
  1. Perculiarly fenestrated (particularly the maxillary par of rostrum. Squamosal, occipital, and parietal bones. Skull reduced in weight).
  2. Prominantt supraorbital process.
  3. Leporid skulls = arched profile.
36
Q

Lagomorpha.
Name 4 dental characteristics.

A
  1. Openrooted, hypsodont incisors.
  2. Extra pair of small peg teeth behind upper incisors.
  3. Canines absent.
  4. Diastema.
  5. formula - 2/1, 0/0, 3/2. 2-3/3 (26-28).
37
Q

Lagomorpha.
Name 4 skeletal characteristics.

A
  1. Elbow = tongue and groove articulation.
  2. Braces joint (reduces lateral mobility).
  3. Radius and ulna partially fused.
  4. No baculum.
38
Q

Lagomorpha.
Name 4 morphological characteristics.

A
  1. Tail (leproids = short. pikas = no external tail).
  2. Skin folds on lips allow mouth to be closed while gnawing.
  3. Aditional nostril flaps.
  4. Testes anterior to humans.
39
Q

Lagomorpha.
Name 3 feeding behaviours.

A
  1. Herbivorous.
  2. Leproids - wide veriety of grasses, forbs and shrubs.
  3. Several speceis = caecotorphy
40
Q

Leporidae.
Name 4 morphological characteristics.

A
  1. Maxilla perforated by many small openings.
  2. Supra-orbital process of frontal present
  3. Ears longer than wide.
  4. Short external tail.

Mammalogy. (6 decks)

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