Glial cells, Connective tissue coverings & Synaptic types

Question 1

What are the different types of Glial Cells?

Answer 1

1. ) Astrocytes
2. ) Oligodendrocytes
3. ) Microgilia

Question 2

What is the role of Astrocytes?

Answer 2

Can be supportive as well as reparative cells

Question 3

What is the role of Oligodendrocytes?

Answer 3

Mechanism of Myelination in the CNS

Question 4

What is the role of Microglia?

Answer 4

Macrophage of the CNS

Question 5

What cells are responible for the myelinating of cells in th eperipheral nervous system?

Answer 5

Schwann cells

Question 6

Define Endoneurium

Answer 6

Connective tissue covering surrounding individual nerve axons

It is continous with the Pia Mater

Question 7

Define Perineurium

Answer 7

Connective tissue covering that divides nerves into fascicles (bundles of axons)

Question 8

Define Epineurium

Answer 8

Denser irregular connective tissue that surrounds entire nerve.

It is continuous with the Dura Mater

Question 9

Define Mesoneurium

Answer 9

Loose connective tissue that surrounds entire nerve.

It allows independent movement without impingement

Question 10

Name the 4 differnt types of synapses that we are concerned with?

Answer 10

1. ) Axondendritic
2. ) Axospinous
3. ) Axosomatic
4. ) Axoaxonic

Question 11

What synaptic types are considered faciliatry aka excitatory?

Answer 11

1. ) Axodendritic
2. ) Axospinous

Question 12

What synaptic type is considered inhibitory?

Answer 12

Axosomatic

Question 13

Define a Axodendritic synapse

Answer 13

A presynaptic neuron synapsing along the dendritic spine of the postsynaptic neuron

Question 14

Define a Axospinous synapse

Answer 14

A subdivision of an axodendritic synapse but more complex as it might have 2 or 3 synpases affiliated with it

Question 15

Define a Axosomatic synapse

Answer 15

A presynaptic neuron synapsing on the cell body of the postsynaptic neuron

Question 16

Define a Axoxonic synapse

Answer 16

A synapse occuring between the axon of a presynaptic neuron and the axon of the postsynaptic neuron

Question 17

When a neurotransmitter occurs on a soma that membrane potential become more postive or negative?

Answer 17

Negative

Question 18

When a neurotransmitter occurs on a dendritic spine that membrane potential becomes more positive or negative?

Answer 18

Positive

Question 19

Define Presynaptic inhibition

Answer 19

Less Calcium in the terminal, less Nuerotransmitter released, resulting in smaller depolarization on the post synaptic cell

Question 20

Define Presynaptic facilitation

Answer 20

More calcium into terminal end, more neurotransmitter released,

resulting in larger depolarization on post synaptic cell

Question 21

Excitatory synapses cause what?

Answer 21

The membrane to depolarize, raising membrane potential because it is becoming less negative.

Result in easier Action Potential to occur

Question 22

Inhibitory synapses cause what?

Answer 22

Cause the membrane to hyperpolarize, making the membrane potential more negative.

Results in making it harder for an AP to occur