Glia: The Forgotten Brain Cell

Question 1

Astrocyte (Astroglia)

Answer 1

Star-shaped cells that provide physical and nutritional support for neurons: 1) clean up brain “debris”; 2) transport nutrients to neurons; 3) hold neurons in place; 4) digest parts of dead neurons; 5) regulate content of extracellular space

Question 2

Microglia

Answer 2

Like astrocytes, microglia digest parts of dead neurons.

Question 3

Oligodendroglia

Answer 3

Provide the insulation (myelin) to neurons in the central nervous system.

Question 4

Satellite Cells

Answer 4

Physical support to neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 5

Schwann Cells

Answer 5

Provide the insulation (myelin) to neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 6

How are glia cells different from neurons?

Answer 6

1. Neurons have TWO “processes” called axons and dendrites….glial cells have only ONE.
2. Neurons CAN generate action potentials…glial cells CANNOT. However, glial cells do have a resting potential.
3. Neurons HAVE synapses that use neurotransmitters…glial cells do NOT have chemical synapses.