Glia (lecture 1)

Question 1

Role of Glia in nervous System?

Answer 1

Generate Impulses, Influence metabolic activity, blood flow and extracellular environment of the nervous system.

Question 2

Astrocytes functions

Answer 2

One astrocyte reacts with many neurons. Regulation of capillary flow, metabolism, substance exchange between neural tissue and blood. Regulate environment, metabolism and exitability of neurons.

Question 3

Microglia Definition

Answer 3

Specialized Macrophages, part of the immune system.

Question 4

Microglia functions

Answer 4

Activated by infection or damage, engulf and destroy pathogens, foreign bodies or dead neurons. They have a stationary and mobile form.

Question 5

Precursor cells

Answer 5

Immature glia that can transform into oliodendrocytes, astrocytes, maybe neurons. Important in regeneration after injury.

Question 6

Schwann cells function

Answer 6

Produce myelin sheath for axons in PNS. Uptake and processing of neurotransmitters in synapse, especially neuromuscular junction. Maintain extrocellular environment, like astrocytes.

Question 7

Oliodendrocytes function

Answer 7

Produce myelin, multiple layers of fatty cell membranes that make up myelin sheath in the BRAIN.

Question 8

Ependymal cells

Answer 8

Line the ventricles and central canal in the spinal cord. Produce, circulate and absorb Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cell surface has cilia and microvilli which help circulation. Involved in regulation of water and osmotic pressure and ion homeostasis.