Gleim CH 1 - 3 Flashcards
Realization
Gain or losses for cash or claims to cash
IFRS Elements of FS
GAAP Elements of FS
These five elements are assets, liabilities, equity, income, and expenses and capital maintenance. Gains and losses are not treated as separate elements under IFRS.
Comprehensive Income, Revenue, Expenses, Gains, Losses, Assets, Liabilities, Equity, Investment by Owners, Distributions to Owners
Rental Revenue Recognition
Recorded Evenly over the period of time rented
Form 8-K
describing specified material events: (1) changes in control of the registrant, (2) the acquisition or disposition of a significant amount of assets not in the ordinary course of business, (3) bankruptcy or receivership, (4) resignation of a director, and (5) a change in the registrant’s certifying accountant.
Salary expense
versus
Commission Expense
Salaries are not traceable but commission costs are
expense recognition principle of systematic and rational allocation
Items that don’t have a direct cause and effect relationship; amortization & depreciation
FS valuation for liquidating companies
assets and liabilities should be reported as cash proceeds
Financial liabilities under IFRS are current
GAAP
settled within 12 months even if (1) the original term was for more than 12 months and (2) an agreement to refinance on a long-term basis was completed after the balance sheet date and before the issuance of the financial statements.
Reclassification as long as before the balance sheet
For an investment in a limited business activity not conducted in a separate business entity (such as an investment in real estate and a related mortgage), the assets and liabilities must not be presented as
net amount. Instead, they should be presented as SEPARATE assets at their estimated current values and SEPARATE liabilities at their estimated current amounts.
personal statement of financial condition assets
presented at their estimated current values at the date of statement of financial condition
Balloon note
requires one payment at maturity
interest expense classification on income statement
other expenses
Life Insurance investment value on personal FS
Life Insurance Expense
Life insurance revenue
cash surrender - any borrowing against life insurance
Premium paid - increase in surrender value - dividend received
cash collected - cash surrender value
Income tax expense or benefit is allocated to
(1) continuing operations, (2) discontinued operations, (3) extraordinary items, (4) other comprehensive income, and (5) items debited or credited directly to other components of equity.
Noncancelable commitments to pay future sums must be presented at their estimated current amounts as liabilities in personal financial statements if they
(1) are for fixed or determinable amounts, (2) are not contingent on another’s life expectancy or the occurrence of a particular event such as disability or death, and (3) do not require the future performance of service by another.
If an entity that presents a full set of financial statements has items of other comprehensive income (OCI), it must present comprehensive income either
(1) in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or (2) in two separate but consecutive statements (an income statement and a statement of OCI).
COGS
COGM + BI - EI
OCI Tax effect
net of tax
Effective Interest
Interest Expense (CV of the bonds w/o accrued interest) - Interest Paid
Fair Value Election means
Decision of election
change in FV at the date of the balance sheet in comparison to to current value (NOT SELLING PRICE)
cannot be revoke unless and entity changes the type of the investment (trading to afs)
fair value option
VERY IMPORTANT
both dividends received and unrealized gains and losses are reported in earnings.
fair value method
same as the cost method
only time OCI can be reversed out
at time of sale; NEVER FOR change in investment to trading or held to maturity
NSF
BANK
BOOK
BANK - already included
Dividends received after a sale on an equity method investment
Percentage Owned before sale * 1 - Percentage Sold
Bonds
Cash interest received
Cash interest recognized
Interest Paid
Interest Expense
Under the cost method how is investment in investee reported
At the FMV value of the stock owned
Unrealized G/L on investments
only recognized under the cost method
Note receivable sold before maturity
DISCOUNTED
deferred charge
prepaid
Accrued interest
always nominal amount * stated rate
Allowance for uncollectibles
AMOUNT CURRENTLY COLLECTIBLE
Gross
Net
Actual discount that can be applied
Everything has been discounted
Bad Debt Expense
amount to get to the ending A/R
Derecognition Criteria
Transfer of asset or asset cash flow
Assignment versus Factoring
Assignment use as collateral and once repaid returned
Factoring is outright sold
Purchase Commitment Loss Journal Entry
Unrealized Loss (DR) Liability (CR)
Goods Available for sale
COGS + EI
Perpetual
Periodic
Moving average at the end of each sale BACKWARDS from sale
Weighted Average at the end of the period FORWARDS from BI
Relationship between inventory and COGS
If inventory is understated COGS is overstated
BI + Purchases - EI = COGS
interim GAAP inventory
unless permanent remains at historical cost
Lower of Cost or Market TRICK!!
if replacement is the in between but market is lowest go with MARKET
Cosignor Sales Revenue
the amount sold @ the price sold to the cosignee; do not deduct other costs from revenue
IFRS & GAAP reversal difference
IFRS permit inventory to be written up to the lower of cost and NRV if previously written down. The reversal is permissible only to the extent of the prior write-down
GAAP
However, if the long-lived asset is held for sale, a gain is recognized for a subsequent increase in fair value minus cost to sell. But the gain is limited to the extent of prior write-downs.
Depreciation asset life
LESSER OF
Renewal Options and Amortization
Lesser of ecomic life or INTENDED TO RENEW renewal term + remaining life
IF UNSURE OF RENEWAL DO NOT INCLUDE
IFRS fair value method does not require
DEPRECIATION
sum of the year
ignore accumulated depreciation
To find CV in depreciation
ALWAYS ADD BACK SV
Equivalent Price over purchase price rule
The excess of the total cash to be paid over the cash equivalent price of the machinery will be recognized as interest expense, not depreciation
How to record taxes that benefit property
Taxes assessed for local benefit that tend to increase the value of real property, such as sidewalks, are added to the property’s adjusted basis and are not currently deductible as tax expense.
Capitalizing of Interest
cannot exceed the interest expense incurred during the year
Capitalizing of Interest can only be recognized
in the year that asset is able to be used
Write down of assets is included in
depreciation expense
held for sale assets are carried at
lower of cost or FV - cost to sell
involuntary conversion
difference between CV + any capitalized costs - insurance proceeds
Value in use
is the present value of the future cash flows of an asset or a cash-generating unit.
IFRS investment property held for sale valued at FMV
NOT DEPRECIATED
Software costs
lesser of NRV or current amortized cost/ remaining sales value - disposal
Depreciation Expense
Write down if NRV is less than CV
Trademark amortization
may be amortized but only if they have finite useful lives.
Royalties based on gross or net
NET
Direct Response Advertising Costs
Capitalized
IFRS CGU
the test for impairment under IFRS is whether the carrying amount of the CGU (including goodwill allocated solely for the purpose of impairment testing) exceeds its recoverable amount. An impairment loss for a CGU is allocated first to reduce allocated goodwill to zero and then pro rata to the other assets
RD development stage capitalization
application stage only
Software R&D
Costs incurred internally in creating a computer software product are expensed when incurred as R&D until technological feasibility has been established. Afterward, all software production costs incurred until the product is available for general release to customers shall be capitalized and amortized.
IFRS, an entity that acquires an intangible asset may use the revaluation model for subsequent measurement only if
fair value must be determined based on an active market.
Under both U.S. GAAP and IFRS, intangible assets with indefinite useful lives
are not amortized. They must be tested for impairment.
IFRS interim reporting
items must be reported at lower of cost of NRV in the interim even if these are temporary declines
Current Liability of a lease
Payment - interest expense
Operating Lease Profit
Income - depreciation on asset
Debt guarantees - cosigning
disclosed & accrued for
IFRS does not disclose if
remote only
Gross investment
Net investment
Before PV
After PV
BOND
Issuance Expense
Interest Expense
1 - Subtract the number of months between dated and issuance from total months; then multiply issuance/adjusted # of months
2 - issuance date/ total months
PV over FV
FV describes the amount you want to have in the future
Bonds Accrued interest Rules
Purchaser pays then is reimbursed
used at the face * STATED
warrants are considered
EQUITY