Glaucoma Flashcards
Drugs that increase IOP and OR
- Anti Histamine
- Anti Cholinergic ( OxyButynin, Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl, Tricyclcs)
- Chronic Corticosteroids ( Prednisolone)
- Topiramate (Topamax)
Glaucoma drug therapies
Beta-Blockers (Timolol, LevoBumolol, Carteolol, Betaxolol)
Prostaglandin (Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Latanoprost)
Miotics ( Carbachol and Pilocarpine)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ( Acetazolamide, Brinzolamide, Dorzolamide)
Adrenergics ( Brimonidine)
Mechanism of each drug
B-Blockers: Reduce Aqueous Humor Production
Prostaglandin: Increase Aqueous Outflow
Miotics: Increase Aqueous Outflow
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Reduce Aqueous Humor production
Adrenergics: Increase Aqueous Outflow, reduce production
Timing
Timolol QD or BID
Travoprost QHS
Carbachol (Isoptocarbachol): 1-2 drops TID
Pilocarpine ( Isoptocarpine): 1-2 drops upto 6x daily
Gel: Instill 0.5 Ribbon into lower Conjunctical Sac
Carbonic Anhydrase: TID
Adrenergics ( Brimonidine): TID
SE? increased brown pigments in the iris, gradual changes may occur, eyelashes growth
Travoprost
SE? Bitter or unusual Taste
Acetazolamide
SE? Macular Edema
Brimonidine
OTC Drugs used in Conjunctivitis?
Anti-Histamine/Decongestant
Anti-Histamine: Ketotifen
Anti-Histamine/Decongestant
used in Conjunctivitis
Naphazoline
Anti-Histamine used in Conjunctivitis
Ketotifen
Dry eyes treatment?
Systane, Refresh, Clear Eyes, Liquifilm
Agents cause vision change/damage
Alpha-Blockers Amiodarone Bisphosphonates Digixoin Ethambutol, Linezolid Hydroxychlorquine Isoniazid Isotretinoin Quinolones Sildenafil (Viagra)
Causes Floppy iris Syndrome
Alpha Blockers
Causes Neuropathy and corneal deposits
Amiodarone
Causes Ocular Inflammation
Bisphosphonates
Causes yellow/green vision/blurriness
Digoxin
Causes Optic Neuropathy
Ethambutol and Linezolid
SE of each Alpha-Blockers Amiodarone Bisphosphonates Digixoin Ethambutol, Linezolid Hydroxychloroquine Isoniazid Isotretinoin Quinolones Sildenafil (Viagra)
Floppy Iris syndrome Corneal Deposits Ocular Inflammation yellow/green vision/blurriness Optic Neuropathy Retinopathy Optic Neuritis Reduced Night vision Retinal detachment greenish tinge around objects
Treatment for Blepharitis?
- Warm Compresses, gentle cleansing, and gentle massage
- Antibiotic Ointments: Bacitracin or Erythromycin
Pain in the middle ear?
Referred to the ENT Doctor
Dosage Forms for eye drops?
- Eye drops either suspension/solution
- Suspensions require shaking before use
- Auxillary Labels: For use in Eyes/For use in Ear
