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M3 Dental Materials > Glass Polyalkanoate Restorative Materials > Flashcards

Glass Polyalkanoate Restorative Materials Flashcards

1
Q

what were glass polyalkanoates previously referred to as?

A

glass ionomer

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2
Q

what 3 forms are glass polyalkanoates supplied as?

A

powder and liquid
powder mixed with water
encapsulated form

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3
Q

give the chemical composition of glass polyalkanoate powder in powder liquid supply

A

Sodium Aluminosilicate Glass with 20% CaF

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4
Q

give the chemical composition of glass polyalkanoate liquid in powder liquid supply

A

aqueous solution of acrylic/itaconic acid copolymer PLUS tartaric acid

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5
Q

what does the tartaric acid in the liquid composition of glass polyalkanoate control?

A

controls setting characteristics

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6
Q

what type of reaction is the setting reaction of glass polyalkanoate?

A

acid base

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7
Q

what is the powder composition of glass polyalkanoate powder in powder water supply

A

Sodium Aluminosilicate Glass with 20% CaF PLUS vacuum dried polyacid

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8
Q

clinically what must be carried out to obtain the final glass polyalkanoate material ready for restoration?

A

mixing with spatula or mixing machinery

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9
Q

why is froth likely to be seen after mechanical mixing of glass polyalkanoate?

A

high porosity of mixture after mechanical mixing

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10
Q

what part of the sodium aluminosilicate glass is left unreacted?

A

unreacted glass core

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11
Q

what does the unreacted glass core confer?

A

translucency

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12
Q

what does the set material of glass polyalkanoate consist of

A

glass particles

siliceous hydrogel

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13
Q

what is the hydrogel sensitive to?

A

moisture

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14
Q

what are the 2 phases in the setting reaction of polyalkanoate, what is setting and when do they occur?

A

initial set = Ca2+ ions set = first few minutes

final set = Al3+ ions set = 24 hours

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15
Q

what component of the glass particle is on the outer surface?

A

Ca2+

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16
Q

what component of the glass particle in the inner core?

A

Al3+

17
Q

why do the Ca2+ ions set faster than the Al3+ ions?

A

calcium is more mobile

aluminium has more stringent stereochemical requirements for cross linking

18
Q

as the material does not fully set for 24 hours and the material is sensitive to moisture, what steps must the clinician take to prevent the restoration form failing?

A

apply varnish or unfilled resin

apply vaseline when polishing

19
Q

Note for safety of powder form of polyalkanoate?

A

always replace the lid immediately after use and avoid contact with eyes (patients and clinicians must be wearing eye protection)

20
Q

what are the advantages of using glass polyalkanoate vs resin composite?

A 
glass polyalkanoates have:
inherent adhesion
little shrinkage 
fluoride release
biocompatible
21
Q

what are the disadvantages of using glass polyalkanoate vs resin composite?

A 
glass polyalkanoates are:
brittle
soluble
not radiopaque (won't be obvious in X-ray)
wear prone
water sensitive 
slow set
22
Q

what does RMGIC stand for?

A

resin modified glass ionomer cements

23
Q

what is the modification of the resin composite in RMGICs?

A

aluminosilicate glass

24
Q

what is the aim of the modification of resin composite in RMGICs?

A

to encourage fluoride release

25
Q

modification of GI in RMGICs?

A

aluminosilicate glass is pre-reacted with polyacid to form a pre-reacted glass polyalkanoate complex

26
Q

what are the 2 types of reaction used for pre-reacting the aluminosilicate glass in RMGICs?

A

surface reaction

full reaction

27
Q

what are the 2 presentations RMGICs?

A

powder:liquid

encapsulated systems

28
Q

what are the 3 setting reactions that occur on mixing of RMGICs?

A

acid base
light activation sets of resin polymerisation
chemical activators present then farthing curing

29
Q

pros of RMGICs?

A

presences of resin means no varnish is required

finishing is possible immediately

30
Q

cons of RMGICs?

A

must work quickly

M3 Dental Materials (7 decks)

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