Glands Flashcards

1
Q

What caste has a hypopharyngeal gland

A

Worker

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2
Q

What does the hypopharyngeal gland secrete?

A

Clear protein from brood food
Royal jelly
Invertase
Glucose oxidase

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3
Q

What gland helps foragers break down sucrose and glucose?

A

Hypopharyngeal gland

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4
Q

What does the thoracic salivary gland secrete?

A

Mainly water, slightly alkaline

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5
Q

Does the the post cerebral salivary gland have a reservoir?

A

No

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6
Q

What is the function of the nasonov gland?

A

Orientation

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7
Q

What does the nasonov gland secrete?

A

Geraniol

Geranic acid
e citral
Z citral
Nerolic acid
Nerol
E E farnesol

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8
Q

Wax glands produce what?

A

Wax 16% hydrocarbons
31% straight chain monohydrate alcohols

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9
Q

What does the dufour gland secrete?

A

? White alkeline

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10
Q

What’s the function of the dufour sting alkaline?

A

Lubrication of sting mechanism
Nutralises acid
Give a protective coating for eggs
Egg adhesive for cell

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11
Q

What does sting venom excrete?

A

Phospholipase A
Hyaluronidase
Acid phosphotase
Mellitus 50%
Allergen c
Mast cell degenerating peptides

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12
Q

What does sting scent contain?

A

Elcosen 1
Isopentyl acetate

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13
Q

What is the function of the sting pheromones?

A

Alarm pheromone z
Stabalises isopentyl acetate with 2 heptanone stinging response

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14
Q

What is another name for the tergite gland?

A

Renner Baumann

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15
Q

What is the other name for the arnhart gland?

A

Tarsal

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16
Q

What is the function of the arnhart gland?

A

Constituent and inhibition of queen substance

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17
Q

What gland influences orientation?

A

Arnhart, tarsal

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18
Q

What gland produces pheromones used in colony defence?

A

Mandibular

19
Q

What does the mandibular gland produce?

A

Queen substance
White
10 hydroxide 2 enoic acid 10 HDA

20
Q

What does the mandibular gland produce in young bees?

A

Fatty acid in brood food
Royal jelly

21
Q

What does the mandibular gland do?

A

Inhibits queen rearing
Inhibits worker ovaries
Attracts drones
Attracts workers to swarms
Stimulates foraging and nasonov
Queen recognition
Marking if drone congregation areas

22
Q

What can cause bees to revert to brood food production?

A

Gorging on pollen

23
Q

What does ecdysone regulate?

A

Moulting

24
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Outside

25
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Inside

26
Q

Juvenile hormone decides what?

A

Jobs division of labour and development

27
Q

Hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands work for which bees?

A

Nurse bees

28
Q

Lipoprotein

A

Fats

29
Q

Vitogellen is influenced by which hormone?

A

Juvenile

30
Q

Where is vitogellen produced ?

A

In the fat bodies

31
Q

Vitogellen

A

Reserve food antioxidant storage protien

32
Q

Royal jelly produced by which glands?

A

Mandibular and hypopharyngeal

33
Q

How many days to develop hypopharyngeal glands

A

6-12 days hypopharyngeal glands develop

34
Q

What is necessary for hypopharyngeal development

A

Pollen

35
Q

Acini

A

550 each side

36
Q

White of royal jelly made by which gland

A

Mandibular

37
Q

Ratio of secretions of hypopharyngeal and mandibular gland depends on what?

A

Larval age, sex, and caste

38
Q

Clear protein

A

Hypopharyngeal gland

39
Q

Royal jelly

A

34% sugar

40
Q

In older bees the hypopharyngeal glands produce

A

Amylase
Sucrase
Carbohydrates
Glucosides
Helps convert honey

41
Q

Mandibular glands in older bees produce

A

Alarm pheromone 2 heptanone

42
Q

How many amino acids does a bee need?

A

10 amino acids

43
Q

Pheremone

A

Chemical substances secreted to the external and effects others

44
Q

Subclasses of pheremone

A

Realeasers and primers