Glaciation

Question 1

What is an inter- glacier?

Answer 1

Is a period of time between two ice ages

Question 2

What is an ice sheet

Answer 2

Is a mass of glacial ice extending more than 50000 km2

Question 3

What is an example of a famous glacier

Answer 3

Merdeglace french Alps

Question 4

Hat dose crevasse mean?

Answer 4

A deep crack found in an ice sheet or glacier

Question 5

What is this glacier system?

Answer 5

Look at notes…

Question 6

What is an ice age?

Answer 6

An ice age is a period of time when prolonged low temperatures mean that waterthrush to ice over a large area

Question 7

What are inputs?

Answer 7

Inputs come from avalanches along sides of the glacier but mainly from precipitation as snow

Question 8

What is storage?

Answer 8

Over time snow accumulates and is compressed into ice. The water held in storage is the glacier

Question 9

What is flow?

Answer 9

Under the force of gravity the glacier flows down hill

Question 10

What is an output?

Answer 10

Meltwater is the main output from the glacier, along with some evaporation

Question 11

What is abrasion?

Answer 11

A type of weathering where water repeatedly freezes and puts pressure on rocks to break them down

Question 12

Plucking is…

Answer 12

A process of erosion where glacier ice freezes onto rocks and, as it moves away pulls large pieces of rocks with it

Question 13

What is an avalanche

Answer 13

A mass of snow and ice that moves very quickly down an mountain side

Question 14

Causes of Avalanche …

Answer 14

Heavy snowfall
Steep slop
Pressure by skiers

Question 15

Give seven ways to reduce the affect of avalanches:

Answer 15

Walls & fences on steep slops to hold back snow.
Plant trees to break up small avalanches.
Wedges to protect electricity pylons.
Sheds to protect railway line.
Mounds on flatter ground to slow down. avalanches as it reaches flatter ground.

Question 16

What is a Corrie?

Answer 16

A glacial feature formed from errosion

Question 17

How does a Corrie form (4 points)?

Answer 17

1. Snow collects in a hallow on a side of a mountain.
2. Over time, further snow collects in hallow and compresses snow below turning it into ice.
3. Hollow deepens and widens through abrasion and plucking.
4. Leads to ‘arm chair’ shape characteristic of a Corrie and causes rock lip to be formed.

Question 18

What can form after the glacier has disappeared and what is it called?

Answer 18

Lake can form in the hallow, this is called a Tarn

Question 19

What is a Arête?

Answer 19

a knife-edged ridges formed between two corries

Question 20

What are tuncated spurs?

Answer 20

interlocking spurs that have been truncated

Question 21

What are hanging valleys?

Answer 21

when glaciers erode deeper into the valley, tributaries are left higher up the sides, they are left hanging

Question 22

What is a ribbon lake?

Answer 22

lakes formed in soft rock which are carved out by glaciers that then melt e.g. lake windermere.

Question 23

What is a Drumlin

Answer 23

forms of a till, elongated features that can reach a kilometre or more in length, 500 m in width and 50m high.

Question 24

What is the accepted idea about how Drumlins are formed?

Answer 24

Formed when ice became overloaded with sediment.

Question 25

Features of glacial deposition

Answer 25

Medial moraine - found in the centre.
Laterial moraine - produced from frost shattering off the valley sides and is carried at the sides of the glacier.
Terminal moraine - found at snout and marks the max advance of a glacier.
Ground moraine - formed beneath a glacier and forms part of the valley floor.

Question 26

What are Erratics and how are they formed?

Answer 26

A boulder that is different from the bedrock beneath it. They are transported and deposited by glaciers. Useful indicators of patterns of former ice flow.

Question 27

Example of an pyramidal peck…

Answer 27

Matterhorn