Glaciated Landscapes Flashcards
Describe and explain the human uses of glaciers.
Communication routes along valley floor. short distances made longer.
Hydroelectric power-cheap way of generating electricity. Eg Canada, New Zealand, France
Leisure-Skiing, hikers, climbers
Irrigate crops-When glacier melts it provides pure water.
Hill sheep farming- Snowdonia as soil is poor and it is cold
Glacial Land form. 2 Examples
Erratics-large boulders rtansported by glacier or ice sheets. EG basalt from Norway can be deposited on Granite in Yorkshire.
Drumlins- Formed by material in glacier being deposited then glacier melts and smooths the material. Egg/tear drop shape.. when there is many it is known as a basket of eggs.
Morain?
Lateral morain-material at sides of glacier caused by abrasion and plucking. Medial Morain is where the two lateral morain meet. Terminal Morain-material at snout of glacier.
Ground Morain-Material underneath the surface.
What is weathering?
the wearing away of rock without the rock moving. Eg, freez-thaw weathering, exfoliation, sun, rain etc
what is erosion?
Where the rock pieces get carried away during the process. rock pieces are then used for abrasion and plucking etc.
freeze-thaw weathering. Describe.
occures in high mountains where temperature fluctuates above and below 0. water fills rocks cracks during day, freezes during night and rock expands by 9%. etc etc etc
what is plucking?
where the glacier picks away at the back wall and leaves big and small gaps, jaggedy surface. these rock pieces are then used for erosion like abrasion.
what is abrasion?
where glacier moves rocks and scratches down at the bottom surface. this creates corries.
Where did Galtur occur?
Small village in the Tyrol region of Austria
When did Galtur occur?
Tuesday 23rd Feb 1999, 8am
effects? damages?
31 people killed, 26 of which were tourists. 11 people severely injured 9 people minor injuries 100 cars smashed 4 houses destroyed 40 houses buried under snow
costs to rebuild Galtur?
lost £5 million a day when tourists stayed away
cost £75 million to rebuild the damages.
Why did Galtur avalanche occur?
Atlantic storm was forming, the turbulent warm air from the tropics was heading north and it was cooling, it then swung back causing a series of storms.
