GK- Hyderabad

Question 1

Literal Meaning of Neroon Kot?

Answer 1

Neroon Kot literally means the place where Neroon came from.

a Sindhi ruler of the area from whom the city derived its previous name, Neroon Kot

Question 2

Ganjo Takker?

Answer 2

Ganjo Takker or the bald (barren) hill, later attributed to as the Ganjo Range by British occupants, protected the town raising it above the level of the water and safe from flood calamities that were regular in neighbouring regions.

The Ganjo Takker ridge lay on a low limestone range and
was used as a place of worship by the most adherent religious priests that blessed the city believing their meditation may result in excellent trade networks the city was developing at the time. But these very particular popularity traits in the areas of trade led the city vulnerable to outside sieges. Equipped mostly with farming equipment,

Question 3

Neroon Dethroned in?

Answer 3

-the locals were attacked by the conquest of Islamic armies circa 711 CE and surrendered.

Neroon was dethroned.

Question 4

Neroon Kot was conquered by?

Answer 4

• In 711 C, Muhammad bin Qasim al-Sakafi (pictured right) conquered the town.
• By the mid-712, Muslims armies had conquered much of the Sindh.

Question 5

Agham Lohana

Answer 5

a chief Agham Lohana who was ruler of Brahmanabad with their two territories,

Lakha to the west of Lohana and

Sama to the south of Lohana (Nerron) Narayankot, Hyderabad, Sindh in the time of Chach 636AD

Question 6

After a brief rule of Arabs and local leaders Sindh came under the rule of local ________, who were local Sindhis converted to Islam

Answer 6

Soomros

. .

Question 7

Soomro rule was followed by the great _______rule

Answer 7

Samma dynasty

Question 8

By the end of Samma dynasty rule Sindh was occupied by invading __________

Answer 8

Afghan warlords.

who lost the empire to Mughal Empire after a brief period of rule.

Question 9

What Mughals did with NeroonKot?

Answer 9

The Mughal empire thrived in the majority of the central parts of India and yet however never seated a ruler on the land of Neroon

Question 10

the late 17th century, the Mughal dynasty had grown weary and weak in the regions of the Sindhu territory or Sindh and the governor _________became the de facto, virtual ruler of Sindh around _______.

Answer 10

Yar Muhammad Khan Kalhora

1701 CE

(Muhammad Khan Kalhora belonged to the most affluent tribe in the region namely the Kalhora کلہوڑا.)

Question 11

Under Kalhoro Dynasty; why the Capital was shifted ?

Answer 11

The River Indus was changing course around 1757 due to Monsoons resulting in periodic floods and devastating the banks of the river.

Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhora was admired as the saintly ruler of Sindh at the time his capital Khudabad near Dadu was repeatedly flooded. he decided to shift the capital.

Question 12

The present day city of Hyderabad was founded in (1)________on the site of the ancient town of Neroon Kot by (2)________ it remained the chief town of Sindh until (3)_______, when, after the battle of (4) ______, it surrendered to the British, and the capital was transferred to (5)_______

Answer 12

1768

Ghulam Shah Kalhora

1843

Miani

Karachi

Question 13

Ghulam Shah Kalhoro admired the city so much that in _______, he ordered a fort to be built on one of the three hills of Hyderabad to house and defend his people. The massive half-a-square kilometer (about 36 acres) garrison was completed by 1768. Since then, it stands in place and is called the Pacco Qillo پڪو قلعو or the strong fort.

The Kalhora rule lasted for two more decades until the demise of the great Ghulam Shah.

Answer 13

1766

Question 14

________ period is considered to be the Golden period in the history of Sindh.

Answer 14

Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro’s

After the death of the great Kalhora, started the Talpur Rule

Question 15

Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur left his capital Khudabad, the land of God and made Hyderabad his capital in ______.

Answer 15

1789

Question 16

When Mir Fateh formally entered in Hyd fort?

Answer 16

–from 1792 to mark Mir Fateh formal entry in the Hyderabad fort.

• He made the Pacco Qillo his residence and also held his courts there.
• Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur along with his three other brothers was responsible for the affairs that persisted in the city of Hyderabad in the years of their kingdom.

Question 17

The last remaining rule of the Talpur kingdom was ________

Answer 17

Mir Muhammad Naseer Khan Talpur

was among the Talpur leaders to surrender to the British and was ported to Calcutta

Question 18

Mirs educational services?

Answer 18

Mirs embraced the local culture and tried to proceed it with building literary institutions to restore the integrity of the Sindhi culture.

In order to educate their people the mother of Mir Fateh Ali Khan, Bibi Khairunnissa, established Jamia al-Khairi or al-Khairi University.

Question 19

The British came face-to-face with the Talpurs at the battle of _______on_______

Answer 19

Miani

17 February 1843

the battle ended on 24 March where the Mirs lost the city

Question 20

The Battle of Hyderabad?

Answer 20

fought on 24 March 1843 between the forces of British East India Company and the Talpur Emirs of Sindh near Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan.

Also called the battle of Dubbu

Question 21

Hyderabad was defended by _______troops and baloch tribes under the command of His Highness _____ and __________. Charles Napier with a force of only men but with artillery support stormed the city.

Answer 21

20,000

Mir Sher Muhammad Khan Talpur “Sher-i-Sindh” and Hosh Mohammad sheedi.

3,000

Question 22

The municipality of Hyderabad was established in .

Answer 22

1853

Question 23

The water Pumping Technology in Hyderabad?

Answer 23

To facilitate the expansion of the former capital, the British deployed water pumping technologies that would pump water from the river bank at Gidu Bandar whence from the water was deposited into large reservoirs situated about 500 yards from the river bank capable of holding over 1,000,000 gallons of water, surely a first when it comes to state-of-the-art constructions. Using a smart gravitational concept, the water was then supplied to the far most arid regions of the town.

Question 24

Latifabad and Qasimabad?

Answer 24

While the population of Hyderabad grew with the arrival of Muslim refugees from India, the Government of Pakistan proposed the creation of two more suburbs, namely

• Latifabad (in honour of the famous poet of Sindh Shah Abdul Latif Bhita’i) and
• Qasimabad (in honour of the famous Muslim general Muhammad bin Qasim), to settle the Muslim refugees.

Question 25

Hyderabad was made Capital again in

Answer 25

the city regained its title of being a capital of the Sindh province from 1947 to 1955 after which Karachi was made the capital of Sindh.

Question 26

Hyderabad is the _____ largest city of Pakistan.

Answer 26

6th

one of the oldest city of South Asia, too.

Question 27

What threatened Sindhis after the creation of Pakistan?

Answer 27

a-The refugees that travelled across the border spoke Urdu and had cultural and social traditions different from that of their counterparts the Sindhis adopted.

b-With the adoption of Urdu as a National language, it was apparent that the Muhajirs were in the forefront of the struggle for Pakistani nationalism whilst their Sindhi, Punjabi and Pathan counterparts supported their own regional identities and found nationalism a fad excuse by the Muhajirs to gather more power out of the system.

Question 28

How Sindhis fought back to resurrect their dying culture?

Answer 28

The Sindhis fought back to resurrect their dying culture and in 1972, according to the Sindh Act, imposed the teaching of Sindhi language compulsory in schools all over the province of Sindh.

These actions led to the first violent clashes involving muhajir groups.

Question 29

Black period in the history of Hyderbad?

Answer 29

The 1980s saw a black period in the history of Hyderabad as riots erupted in the city between the two ethnic diversities in majority, the Sindhis and the Muhajir.

The city had never been the same again, forever divided by ethnicity, scared by racist hatred.[5]

This type of tension was never felt in the town; even when Hindus were part of the community in pre-independence Hyderabad.

Question 30

1988 Killings in Sindhi-Muhajir riots?

Answer 30

On 30 September 1988 after sunset at several places in Hyderabad and Latifabad (thickly populated by Mahajirs) gangs of armed people started firing at people in streets causing about more that 300 hundred casualties most of them were mahajirs,

surprisingly no law enforcement agency, including police interrupted the assault and all killers escaped, not a single killing vehicle was apprehended next day few sindhis were killed in karachi.

it was reported that the streets of Hyderabad were littered with bodies right from Hirabad to Latifabad.

Question 31

Pacco Qilo Operation?

Answer 31

The political hoopla over the domestic violence and civil killings provoked a massive police operation in the city with 2000 policemen surrounded the Pacco Qillo locality.

The huge army of peacemakers could not curb the riots and had to be called back.

There was only a trickle of internal migrations before the operation, but the operation triggered a mass exodus of population.

The Muhajir migrated en masse from Qasimabad and the interior of Sindh into Latifabad.

Similarly, the Sindhis people moved to Qasimabad from Hyderabad and Latifabad