Github

Question 1

How to check the current git CLI version?

Answer 1

git version

Question 2

How to init a local git repository?

Answer 2

git init [(repo_name)]

With (repo_name), it creates a folder instead.

Question 3

What is a stash in github?

Answer 3

Its a snapshot of a state that is stored for later use, after creating one, the working dir returns to the previous commit state.

Question 4

How to create a stash in git CLI?

Answer 4

git stash

Question 5

How to seek help for a git command?

Answer 5

git help [(command_name)]

if no command_name is specified, git shows general commands help.

Question 6

How to set the current username and password of the git user on the global level?

Answer 6

git config –global user.name (name) and

git config –global user.email (email).

Question 7

How to clone a github repo?

Answer 7

git clone (repo.git)

Question 8

how to list a git config in the console

Answer 8

git config –list

Question 9

how to add to the staging area: a single file, all files

Answer 9

git add (filename) | git add .

Question 10

How to commit a staging area?

Answer 10

git commit -m or git commit, to comment with an editor

Question 11

How to express add all already tracked files and commit then?

Answer 11

git commit -am “message”

Question 12

How to open the config file with the chosen editor

Answer 12

git config -e

Question 13

Where is the global and local git config file stored?

Answer 13

global: C:/Users/Youruser/.gitconfig
local: inside the .git folder

Question 14

What is the usefulness of git pull (repo) [(branch)]?

Answer 14

to put your local repo in sinc with the remote one in case someone made a change before.

Question 15

Whats the difference between fetch and pull?

Answer 15

Fetch only updated the references while pull updates the references and downloads the differences.

Question 16

What is forking?

Answer 16

Forking means you will get a copy of a remote repo to your github ID (not to your local computer)

Question 17

how to list all tracked files?

Answer 17

git ls-files

Question 18

how to unstage files?

Answer 18

git restore –staged

Question 19

how to remove newly created files from working dir

Answer 19

git restore (filename)

Question 20

how to move/rename files?

Answer 20

git mv (actual_dir/name) (new_dir/name)

Question 21

why is the command git add -A useful?

Answer 21

If renaming or changing dir of files without using git mv, the git will see that as two operations: the deletion of a file, and the addition of another, it cannot match the index of the two operations as if it belongs to the same file, thus creating a new file index if you decide to commit.

This can lead to problems when pulling for example, because instead of replacing a file with index X, it may replace another file with another index instead.

Question 22

how to remove any git files?

Answer 22

git rm (filename)

Question 23

how to log git commits?

Answer 23

git log

Question 24

how to log git commits in one line?

Answer 24

git log –oneline

Question 25

how to log git commits from a author?

Answer 25

git log --author="(name)"

Question 26

how to log git commits by date?

Answer 26

git log --since='x days ago / dd/[mm]/[yy]'

Question 27

how to log git commits with graphics?

Answer 27

git log --graph

Question 28

how to log git commits of a specific file?

Answer 28

git log (filename)

Question 29

how to log git commits for a specific file even if the file was renamed at one point?

Answer 29

git log --follow (filename)

Question 30

what are git aliases and how to create one?

Answer 30

are ways of shortcuting commands to create: git config [--global] alias.(commandName) "(command)" *(command) excludes the initial 'git' from beginning of line.

Question 31

how to ignore some files?

Answer 31

creating a .gitignore file and placing paths to the folders/files

Question 32

how to log git commits across all branches?

Answer 32

git log --all

Question 33

how to log files from a starting commit to another?

Answer 33

git log (commitID1) (commitID2)

Question 34

how to check changes between working dir and staging area?

Answer 34

git diff

Question 35

how to check changes between working dir and last commit(HEAD)?

Answer 35

git diff HEAD

Question 36

how to check changes between last commit and staging area?

Answer 36

git diff HEAD --staged

Question 37

how to check changes between two commits?

Answer 37

git diff (commitID1) (commitID2)

Question 38

command to check alterations between working dir and staged area for a specific file

Answer 38

git diff (filepath)

Question 39

how to write the difference between the local master and the 'origin' repo master branch?

Answer 39

master and origin/master

Question 40

how to check differences between two branches?

Answer 40

git diff branch1 branch2

Question 41

p4merge

Answer 41

a tool to be evoked by git CLI to resolve merge issues and see differences between areas

Question 42

steps necessary to config a diff/merge tool to be used with git

Answer 42

on config: 1. set the tool name 2. set tool path

Question 43

configure diff or merge tools names to be used with git

Answer 43

git config [--global] diff.tool (toolname) git config [--global] difftool.path 'path\to\file.exe' git config [--global] merge.tool (toolname) git config [--global] mergetool.path 'path\to\file.exe'

Question 44

what does difftool.prompt (boolean) do?

Answer 44

prompts or skips and opens the tool directly

Question 45

How to write a documentation to the github repo?

Answer 45

create a README.md (md stands for mark-down) and pushes it to github remote repo. ``` # symbol makes a primary text size ## makes a secondary ### tertiary nothing- writes normal text ```

Question 46

branching is

Answer 46

a new isolated development path that also tracks a different history

Question 47

creating a new branch

Answer 47

git branch (name)

Question 48

going to the newly created branch

Answer 48

git checkout (branchName)

Question 49

renaming an existing branch

Answer 49

git branch -m (actualName) (newName)

Question 50

deleting a branch

Answer 50

git branch -d (name)

Question 51

listing all branches (including remote)

Answer 51

git branch -a

Question 52

creating a new branch and changing to it with the same command

Answer 52

git checkout -b (newBranchName)

Question 53

merging in git is

Answer 53

the merging of branches alterations, if two files with the same index was modified, then a merging conflict needs to be resolved, often with git mergetool

Question 54

merging a branch to master

Answer 54

(at master) git merge (branchName)

Question 55

merging fast-forwarding method happens when

Answer 55

parent branch has no commits after the off-branching, it simply integrates the parent with the offbranch, usually faster

Question 56

force non fast-forwarding when merging branches

Answer 56

``` git merge (branchName) --no-ff preserves branching history even if one of the branches has no subsequent commits, create a 3-way commit ```

Question 57

rebasing is useful for

Answer 57

when you dont wanna merge a branch yet but there are features in the parent branch that you want to integrate,

Question 58

rebasing a branch to master

Answer 58

(at off-branch) git rebase master

Question 59

git rebase --abort is

Answer 59

when you are resolving rebasing conflicts and dont wan to continue the operation of rebasing

Question 60

git rebase --continue is

Answer 60

when you want to continue resolving rebasing conflicts or finally rebase

Question 61

git pull --rebase does:

Answer 61

instead of creating a merge in branching history, puts your work ahead of all pulled commits and keeps them in the same history

Question 62

tagging in git is and why is it useful?

Answer 62

tagging are references with descriptions or not that point to a commit and generally is used to mark releases and milestones

Question 63

creating a tag

Answer 63

git tag (name)

Question 64

creating an anotated tag

Answer 64

git tag -a (name)

Question 65

shortcut to create an anotated tag

Answer 65

git tag (name) -m "(message)"

Question 66

creating an anotated tag for a previous commit

Answer 66

git tag -a (name) (commitID)

Question 67

force a created tag to point to another commit

Answer 67

git tag (name) -f (commitID)

Question 68

pushing a tag to a remote repo

Answer 68

git push repo/branch (tag) when pushing to a repo, it also pushes the commit the tag is attached to

Question 69

pushing all tags to a remote repo

Answer 69

git push repo/branch --tags

Question 70

how to remote a tag from a remote repo

Answer 70

git tag push repo/branch :(tag)

Question 71

git commit --amend is

Answer 71

a way to rephrase the message from the last commit

Question 72

what is git stashing and why is it useful

Answer 72

its a way of saving the work for later and returning the working dir to the HEAD state

Question 73

creating a git stash

Answer 73

git stash

Question 74

applying the last stashed working dir

Answer 74

git stash apply

Question 75

deleting the last stash created

Answer 75

git stash drop

Question 76

git stash does not include untracked files, how to include it?

Answer 76

git stash -u

Question 77

shortcut to apply and delete a stash

Answer 77

git stash pop

Question 78

how to create a stash/multiple stashes with descriptions?

Answer 78

git stash save -m "(description)"

Question 79

listing all stashes

Answer 79

git stash list

Question 80

applying a specific stash

Answer 80

git stash apply stash@{n}

Question 81

emptying the stash list

Answer 81

git stash clear

Question 82

shortcut to create a stash, relate it and checkout to a branch, apply the stash and drop it

Answer 82

git stash branch (name)