GIT Physiology

Question 1

State the major activities of the GIT.

Answer 1

Motility, Secretion, Digestion and Absorption

Question 2

The GIT is arranged in a linear sequence of the order…

Answer 2

Mouth -> esophagus-> stomach-> small intestines -> large intestines -> anus.

Question 3

The alimentary canal has

Answer 3

4 layers

Question 4

Mention the layers of the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 4

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria and Serosa/adventitia

Question 5

The GI tract is innervated by

Answer 5

Extrinsic and intrinsic nerves

Question 6

The extrinsic nervous system comprises of

Answer 6

Parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves

Question 7

The intrinsic nervous innervation is from the

Answer 7

Enteric nervous system

Question 8

The enteric nervous system communicates with the extrinsic component through

Answer 8

Extrinsic components

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true about the GI tract.
A. The intrinsic nervous innervation of the GI can function in absence of extrinsic innervation
B. The enteric nervous system controls contractile, secretory and endocrine functions of GI tract.
C. The intrinsic nervous innervation receives input from mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors in the mucosa and both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems
D. All of the above are true

Answer 9

D

Question 10

Parasympathetic fibers arr supplied by the

Answer 10

Vagus nerve and the pelvic nerves

Question 11

The extrinsic fibers that provide excitatory action are

Answer 11

Parasympathetic nerves

Question 12

Parasympathetic nerves

Answer 12

1. Increase activity
2. Increase smooth muscle activity
3. Promote gastric motility
4. Promote secretion of GI secretions
5. Reduce the constriction of sphincters

Question 13

Parasympathetic nerves promote digestion and absorption of nutrients. (T/F)

Answer 13

T

Question 14

The proximal half of the GI is innervated by

Answer 14

Vagus nerve

Question 15

Distal half of the GI is innervated by the

Answer 15

Pelvic nerves(Sacral nerves)

Question 16

Which of the following statements is false?
A. The sacral nerves control defalcation reflex.
B. Vagus nerve controls the swallowing reflex.
C. Both A and B are False
D. Both A and B are true

Answer 16

D

Question 17

Which statement is false?
A. The sympathetic nerve fibers originate from the sympathetic ganglia of T5 to L2 and terminate on the enteric plexus.
B. The sympathetic innervation is noradrenergic postganglionic.
C. In order to inhibit GI motility the sympathetic nerves are stimulated.
D. The autonomic nerves that regulate the GI can function independently from stimulation from the CNS

Answer 17

D

Question 18

Increases sympathetic activity causes

Answer 18

1. Decreased acetylcholine secretion
2. Vasoconstriction
3. Decreased GI motility and secretion
4. Increased constriction of sphincters

Question 19

The GI reflexes are categorized into

Answer 19

Local reflexes, regional reflexes and systemic reflexes