GIT Lec 4 Pt 6 - Miscellaneous Agents

Question 1

What are some examples cannibinoids and their indications?

Answer 1

Cannibinoids include tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic cannibinoids like nabilone and levinantradol.
They are effective in treating nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy.

Question 2

What are the indications of pyradoxine (Vit.B6)?

Answer 2

Vitamin B6 can be given daily with a maximum dose of 200mg to treat nausea and vomiting caused by the following conditions:
1. Ménière’s disease
2. Pregnancy
3. Radiation sickness
But it’s ineffective in treating motion sickness

Question 3

What are some examples of corticosteroids and their indications?

Answer 3

Corticosteroids include: dexamethasone and methylprednisolone
Indication: they are useful in controlling cytotoxic-induced vomiting, possibly due to their ability to inhibit prostaglandin formation (mild to moderate chemotherapy).
They are often used in combination with other drugs.

Question 4

What are some examples of benzodiazepines and their indications?

Answer 4

Benzodiazepines include: lorazepam and alprazolam
Indications: although the anti-emetic potency of lorazepam and alprazolam is low they are used in treating cytotoxic induced vomiting due to their sedative, anxiolytic and amnesic properties.

Question 5

What is an example of neurokinin-1-receptor-antagonists, its indications and side effects?

Answer 5

An example of NK1-antagonists is aprepitant.
Indication: usually administered with dexamethasone and palonosetron in the treatment of moderate-to-severe chemotherapy induced vomiting
Side effects:
1. It shortens the half life of warfin when used with it
2. It can cause constipation and fatigue