GIT Histology

Question 1

what type of epithelium lines the oesophagus?

Answer 1

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 2

Where else can stratified squamous epithelium be found?

Answer 2

mouth

Question 3

muscle layers of the oesophagus?

Answer 3

circular: inner
longitudinal: outer

Question 4

different types of muscle found throughout the oesophagus?

Answer 4

Upper third: striated
Middle third: combination
Lower third: smooth

Question 5

what are the typical layers of the GIT:

Answer 5

Mucosa: epithelium/lamina propria/muscularis mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis propria
Adventitia/serosa

Question 6

why does the submocosa of the oesophagus contain high amounts of elastic fibres?

Answer 6

to allow for expansion/distension when food is transmitted

Question 7

what layer are the sermucous glands located and what are their function:

Answer 7

submucosa
function to secrete fluid to aid in the lubrication of the esophageal lumen
(more prominent in the upper and lower thirds of the esophagus)

Question 8

Intraperitoneal: serosa or adventitia

Answer 8

serosa

Question 9

retroperitoneal: serosa or adventitia

Answer 9

adventitia

Question 10

gastric mucosa epithelial type:

Answer 10

simple columnar epithelium

Question 11

muscle layers in the stomach:

Answer 11

inner: oblique
middle: circular
outer: longitudinal

Question 12

histological characteristics of the stomach

Answer 12

Rugae
gastric pits
additional oblique muscle layer
mucous-neck cells
parietal cells
chief cells
enteroendocrine cells

Question 13

3 different histological zones of the stomach

Answer 13

• Cardia: mucous-secreting glands
• Fundus: contains glands secreting gastric juices and small amounts of mucous
• Pylorus: glands secreting 2 different types of mucous and endocrine cells secreting gastrin