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GEN PATH LAB FINALS > GIT > Flashcards

GIT Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammatory lesions for GIT

A
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Chronic Gastritis
  • Chronic Gastritis- Ulcer
  • Pseudomembranous colitis
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2
Q

There is neutrophilic infiltration of the muscularis propria

A

Acute appendicitis

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3
Q

There is chronic mucosal inflammatory changes

A

Chronic Gastritis

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4
Q

Cells present in Chronic Gastritis

A

Plasma cells, lymphocytes, occasional lymphoid follicles

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5
Q

It is round to oval, sharply punched-out defect

A

Chronic Gastritis - Ulcer

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6
Q

It is a local defect or excavation of the surface of an organ or tissue produced by the sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue

A

Ulcer ( Chronic Gastritis -ulcer)

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7
Q

Is ulcer acute or chronic?

A

Both

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8
Q

Causative agent of Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridioides difficile

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9
Q

Old name of Clostridioides difficile

A

Clostridium difficile

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10
Q

Mucopurulent exudates erupt from damaged crypts to form “volcano” lesions

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

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11
Q

Benign neoplasms

A

Adenomatous Polyp
Villous Adenoma-Colon

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12
Q

Colorectal adenomas are precursor lesions of?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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13
Q

These range from 0.3 to 10 cm in diameter and can be pedunculated or sessile

A

Colorectal adenoma (Adenomatous Polyp)

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14
Q

Kinds of colorectal adenomas

A

Tubular adenoma
Villous adenoma
Sessile serrated adenoma

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15
Q

Hallmarks of epithelial dysplasia

A
  • nuclear hyperchromasia
  • elongation
  • stratification
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16
Q

Villous glands, in finger-like projections composed of >75% of adenoma

A

Villous adenoma, Colon

17
Q

Polypoid lesions lined by dysplastic epithelium

A

Villous adenoma, colon

18
Q

Dysplastic cells and Hallmarks in villous adenoma, colon when seen in higher magnification

A

Nuclear hyperchromatism, cellular crowding (stratification) and elongation

19
Q

Malignant neoplasms

A
  • squamous cell carcinoma -esophagus
  • adenocarcinoma - stomach
  • adenocarcinoma - colon
  • adenocarcinoma - moderately differentiated - colon
  • adenocarcinoma - poorly differentiated - colon
  • carcinoid tumor
20
Q

What are present in squamous cell carcinoma esophagus

A
  • sheets of squamous cells
  • invasion of underlying stroma
  • breach in basement membrane
  • Keratin pearl formation
21
Q

This can be noticed in higher magnification of squamous cell carcinoma, esophagus

A

Intercellular bridging

22
Q

It is the most common malignancy in stomach

A

Adenocarcinoma, stomach

23
Q

2 main types of gastric adenocarcinoma

A
  • intestinal-type
  • diffuse infiltrative type
24
Q

It is diffuse type
Poorly differentiated or poorly cohesive carcinoma
And sheets and clusters of tumor cells infiltrate the stroma

A

Gastric adenocarcinoma

25
Q

This can be seen in individual cells of gastric adenocarcinoma when viewed in higher magnification

A

Signet-ring appearance

26
Q

Centrally, optically clear, gluboid droplet of cytoplasmic mucin with eccentrically placed mucleus

A

Signet ring appearance

27
Q

There is glandular confluence, invasion beyond the muscularis mucosae or submucosa, dirty necrosis, and sheets and clusters of glandular structures lined by tumor cells invade the stroma

A

Adenocarcinoma, colon

28
Q

These are necrotic debris present in the gland lumen

A

Dirty necrosis

29
Q

Tubules may be simple, complex, or slightly irregular.
Sheets and clusters of glandular structures lined by tumor cells invading the stroma

A

Adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated, colon

30
Q

Sheets and clusters of poorly formed glandular structures lined by tumor cells invading the stroma
Less than 50% gland formation

A

Adenoids, poorly differentiated, colon

31
Q

Carcinoid tumor, colon new term

A

Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor

32
Q

Carcinoid tumor, colon is frequently found in?

A

Rectum

33
Q

Nests of tumor cells are present

A

Carcinoid tumor, colon

34
Q

There are monotonous regular cells with round or oval nuclei
Salt and pepper chromatin and moderate eosinophilic granular cyctoplasm

A

Carcinoid tumor, colon

GEN PATH LAB FINALS (1 decks)

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