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Semester 2 Unit 1 APUSH > Gilded Age > Flashcards

Gilded Age Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Gilded

A

thin coating of paint to look like precious metals

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2
Q

Gilded Age

A

between the reconstruction and progressive era
era of wealth but lots of poverty
US became global industrial power

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3
Q

sources of industry

A

rail road
rail road cars
electricity
steel

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4
Q

effects of rail road

A

193000 miles of track by 1900

times zones created in 1883

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5
Q

vertical integration

A

swift armour
not paying middleman
own every part of process

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6
Q

horizontal integration

A

rockefeller
own every company of one process
monopoly

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7
Q

trust

A

different names but same control

don’t own something outright, but controlled by the same person

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8
Q

Westinghouse

A

electricity

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9
Q

rockefeller

A

oil

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10
Q

carnegie

A

steel

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11
Q

pullman

A

train cars

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12
Q

munn vs IL

A

1877
government attempt to regulate grain warehouses
IL sets max rate warehouses can charge people
munn challenged it
not upheld because interstate trade

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13
Q

wabash vs IL

A

1886
IL attempts to regulate railroads (what they charge)
challenged by wabash
not upheld because interstate trade (only fed govt can control interstate trade

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14
Q

interstate commerce act

A

1887
you must publish rate
standardized rates per mile
intended to regulate railroads but not well done bc gilded age= $$$$$ for US

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15
Q

sherman anti-trust act

A

1890
if you act to monopolize or restrict fair traid you can be arrested
used mostly against labor unions (restraining trade)

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16
Q

US vs. Ecknight refinery

A

1895
buying out state so not regulated
EC knight claims manufacturing occurs in one place, therefore not interstate
upheld, manufacturing does not equal commerce
overturned 10-15 years later

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17
Q

Robber barons

A

those who dominated large industries

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18
Q

changes brought by gilded age

A 
urbanization
decrease in family size
benefits in convenience 
changes in nature of work 
increased immigration
class segregation in cities
fait in progress and technology
new ideas about how to approach increasing inequality
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19
Q

focus on image

A 
body image
fashion
hygiene
house
appliances
furniture
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20
Q

women

A

separate spheres intact
domestic
entertainers

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21
Q

children

A

indulged

toys

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22
Q

education

A

no longer a luxury for upper class, a necessity

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23
Q

guns

A

needed to protect

affordable

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24
Q

average income

A

$600/yr

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25
Q

needed income to live comfortably

A

$900/year

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26
Q

working family women

A

14 hour days

$1.50 a day

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27
Q

working family children

A

14 hour days
$1.00 a day
no education
no real childhood

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28
Q

space

A

overcrowded
renting
functionality>fashion

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29
Q

hygiene

A

could not be afforded by working class

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30
Q

entertainment for working families

A

no time for it

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31
Q

education for working families

A

not past 14

$= biggest priority

32
Q

immigration 1890-1915

A

southern and eastern europeans
overall increase in number ( 5 goes to 15 (mil))
hungarian, turkish, lithuanian, russian, jewish, greek, italian, romaian

33
Q

dumbbell tenament

A

sign of poverty
unhealthy
unventilated

34
Q

push factor

A

why people leave

35
Q

pull factor

A

why people come

36
Q

landsmen

A

people from the same original country as someone

37
Q

greenhorns

A

newest arrived immigrants

embarrassing

38
Q

tenements

A

crowded apartments

39
Q

nativism

A

people against immigrants

40
Q

settlement houses

A

community centers to help immigrants

41
Q

Jane Addams

A

Hull House

supported job regulation

42
Q

Henry George

A

land ownership= source of poverty
wanted land tax
land should be a right

43
Q

andrew carnegie philosophy

A

poverty comes from laziness, drunkenness, idleness
channeling resources= solution to poverty
rich people should donate to create libraries/ resources for impoverished, not donate to them

44
Q

william graham sumner

A

social darwinism
virtue determines profit
dont tax rich
no govt involvement

45
Q

samuel gompers

A

against immigrants
moderate not socialist
unions= solution to poverty, protect rights

46
Q

horatio alger

A

street urchins can pull themselves out of poverty if they use willpower
pluck and luck
author of ragged dick

47
Q

edward bellamy

A

book set in 2000
workers rights, minimum wage, etc
government should create utopia

48
Q

jacob riis

A

housing conditions trap people in cycle of poverty
increase education, safer rec centers/parks
no more tenaments

49
Q

washington gladden

A 
social gospel movement 
religion into other aspects of life
love thy neighbor as thyself
integrate african americans
unions
encourages govt involvement
50
Q

josephine shaw lowell

A

poor wages= cause of poverty
consumer league–> only buy things from manufacturers who pay fair wages
limit community support but integrate impoverished into society

51
Q

gilded age presidents

A

laissez faire

republican

52
Q

laissez faire

A

no government involvement in economy

53
Q

pensions

A

funding of civil war veterans
sympathy of the republic
pensions go up
largest burden on US govt at the time

54
Q

gilded age business

A

corruption and political machines

55
Q

tanmamy hall

A

democratic political machine

56
Q

stalawarts

A

republican political machine

57
Q

half breeds

A

republican political machine

58
Q

pendleton act

A

test to demonstrate ability to have govt jobs
merit test
avoid corruption

59
Q

garfield

A

assassinated

killed by henry guteau

60
Q

tariffs

A

disagreed upon between parties

reps want high dems want low

61
Q

income tax

A

grover cleveland tried to pass 1st peace time tax
5% wealthiest get taxed
supreme court strike it down

62
Q

pollock case

A

supreme court strike down income tax

63
Q

currency reguation

A

gold standard

add free silver (populists)

64
Q

sherman silver purpose

A

under benjamin harrison
bimetallic standard
revoked by cleveland in 1892

65
Q

modern campaigning

A 
beginning of modern campaigning 
hiring of people to help you get elected
large campaign staff
national travel 
media saturation
raising $ to campaign
66
Q

imperialism

A 
most presidents pro imperialism (except cleveland)
monetary gains
resources
trade ports
manifest destiny
asia 
pacific 
caribbean
67
Q

mckinley

A

pro business
shot by polish immigrant
enemy of the working people according to ^

68
Q

segregation

A 
jim crow laws 
poll taxes
literacy tests
grandfather clause
lynching
69
Q

brooker t washington

A

born in south
born into slavery
submissive
emphasized hard work

70
Q

W E B DuBois

A

born in noth
first african american to receive pHd from Harvard
encourages AA progress
bold

71
Q

tuskegee institute

A

started by washington in 1888

vocational educational skills

72
Q

national negro business league

A

established by washington in 1900

73
Q

national association for the advancement of colored people

A

establish by duBois in 1909

74
Q

plessy vs fergusson

A

1896
upholds jim crow laws
separate but equal

75
Q

new south

A

industrialized

increasing AA immigration to urban areas

76
Q

ida wells barnett

A 
red record 1895
recorded lynching 
wanted federal anti lynching laws
never happens 
had to move b/c life was threatened

Semester 2 Unit 1 APUSH (1 decks)

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