Gilded Age

Question 1

Assimilation

Answer 1

the process in which a minority group or culture comes to resemble a majority group or assume the values, behaviors, and beliefs of another group whether fully or partially.

Question 2

Nativism

Answer 2

favoritism toward native-born Americans

Question 3

Social Gospel Movement

Answer 3

salvation through service to the poor

Question 4

Political Machine

Answer 4

Corrupt organized groups that controlled political parties in the cities. A political boss leads the machine and attempts to grab more votes for his party

Question 5

Bessemer Process

Answer 5

refining oil to make steel

Question 6

Laissez-Faire

Answer 6

a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering.

Question 7

Vertical Alignment

Answer 7

purchase of companies at all levels

Question 8

Horizontal Alignment

Answer 8

purchase of companies in the same industry

Question 9

Social Darwisnism

Answer 9

Success or failure in business happens naturally, no one should intervene

Question 10

Interstate Commerce Act

Answer 10

Law designed to regulate the railroads and their monopolistic ways of doing business

Question 11

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 11

Outlawed business monopolies

Question 12

Robber Barons

Answer 12

a person who has become rich through ruthless and unscrupulous business practices

Question 13

Chinese Exclusion Act

Answer 13

Banned Chinese immigration to U.S. beginning in 1882. Ban lifted in 1943.

Question 14

Gentlemen’s Agreement

Answer 14

Japan limits emigration of unskilled workers to US if we end segregation of Japanese kids in schools

Question 15

Homestead Act (1862)

Answer 15

Law that provided 160 acres to anyone who was willing to settle land in the west.

Question 16

Monopolies

Answer 16

Situation in which one company controls the supply of a product or service

Question 17

Industrialization

Answer 17

The rise of manufacturing economy and decline of an agricultural economy

Question 18

Urbanization

Answer 18

The large growth of cities. Accompanied with a large range of problems including sanitation, transportation, and crowded living conditions.

Question 19

Civil Service Form

Answer 19

laws passed in the 1870s and 1880s began to require government workers to take tests to work for the government and began replacing the “spoils system”

Question 20

Graft

Answer 20

The misuse of the public funds for personal use by a public official or use of insider knowledge for personal gain by public officials

Question 21

Settlement houses

Answer 21

community centers that helped immigrants address the problems of squalid (lack of care or cleanliness) living conditions, disease, illiteracy, and unemployment.

Question 22

Jane Adams

Answer 22

Founder of Chicago’s Hull House; campaigned for feminists and child labor reform

Question 23

Andrew Carnegie

Answer 23

Business tycoon who controlled most of the Steel industry. Know as the “Captain of Industry” and “Robber Baron”

Question 24

John Rockefeller

Answer 24

Business tycoon who owned Standard Oil and controlled 90% of the oil industry . He was able to monopolize the Standard Oil in a trust.