GI Small Intestinal test Flashcards
70% of immune response comes from where?
Gut
Triaditis syndrome
Concurrent inflammation of Pancreas, liver and small itnestine
Why are cats more prone to triaditis syndrome than dogs?
Their pancreatic & Bile ducts are combined into one singular one prior to entering duodenum, hence making inflammation more probable
Why is small intestinal disease worse than large?
Because of interruption to absorption
Causes of coprophagia?
Small intestinal disease
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Parasites
Main symptom of small intestinal disorders?
Diarrhea
If animal is pooping more at night, where is the issue?
Large intestine
99% of chronic diarrhea cases are caused by..
Diet
Panhypoproteinemia causes what
Edema peripherally
Ascites
Is potassium high or low in IBD of cats?
Low
What do we want to look for in blood samples in case of intestinal disorders?
Electrolytes (esps cats)
Potassium, Kidney, Liver values, Hematology
GI panel: cLI, PLI, folic acid, cobalamine, cortisol, T4
10-12h fasting
If animal is dehydrated, which values are most likely elevated?
Kidney values
Do we use antibiotics in case of chronic enteropathies?
No.
Fecal transplantation is a better option
How long does an issue have to be ongoing to become chronic?
2-3 weeks + intermittent symptoms
Treatment of Acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome?
No antibiotics
Kaolin pectine, symbiotics & Symptomatic treatment
If inflammatory markers, depressed, fever
- stationary treatment & ABS
What are symbiotics?
Pre - & Probiotics
Should you stop probiotics when symptoms disappear?
No, since it doesn’t tell anything about the cell level situation
FRE
Food responsive enteropathy
What should you do in case of IRE, prior to starting immunosuppressants?
Taking biopsies.
Changes in ultrasound are not diagnostical enough - it could also be a tumor
IRE
Immunomodulatory responsive
PLE
Protein losing enteropathy (severe idiopathic LBD, lymphoma)
Which treatment scheme best for giardia?
Fenbedazole
(metronidazole used to be the one, no longer)
Is IRE congenital?
Yes
Lymphangiectasia
Lacteals in villi are so full, that fatty lymph doesn’t move correctly to lymph vessels
What do feces look like in lymphangiectasia?
Feces are fatty, greyish in color
Rice grains in walls of small intestine in endoscopy?
Full lacteals in villi
(could be parasites too, no?)
Is acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome localised in stomach?
no
Do hydrolysed work on FRE?
Not alwyas
Signs of FRE
Colitis
Anorexia
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Does diet have any effect on IRE
No
Does hypo- or hyperfolatemia cause small intestinal bacterial dysbiosis
Hyperfolatemia
Most important approaches to antidiarrhea treatment
Elimination diet / novel protein source
Probiotics / prebiotics / synbiotics
Antiparasitics
Absorbents
Antibiotics
Immunosuppressants
Fecal transplantation
Protein losing enteropathy types
Severe IBD
Lymphangiectasia
Lymphoma
Treatment of lymphangiectasia
Cure the primary disease
Fluid therapy
Diuretics if ascites
Diet
Immunosuppressants
Corticosteroids
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine
