GI: Nematodes and Cestodes Flashcards
1
Q
Giant roundworm
A
Nematode - Ingested - Intestine
Ascariasis
Ascaris lumbricoides
2
Q
Pinworm
A
Nematode - Ingested - Intestine
Pinworm
Enterobius vermicularis
3
Q
Beef tapeworm
A
Cestode - Ingested - Intestine
Taenia saginata
4
Q
Pork tapeworm
A
Cestode - Ingested - Intestine / Tissue
Taenia solium
5
Q
Freshwater Fish tapeworm
A
Cestode - Ingested - Intestine
Diphyllobothrium latum
6
Q
Trichinosis
A
Nematode - Ingested - Tissue
Trichinella spiralis
7
Q
Dog tapeworm
A
Cestode - Ingested - Tissue
Echinococcus granulosus
8
Q
Stongyloidiasis
A
Nematode - Contact - Inestine
Stongyloides stercoralis
9
Q
Hookworm
A
Nematode - Contact - Intestine
Necator americanus
and
Ancylostoma duedenale
10
Q
Schistosomiasis, Katayama Fever
A
Trematode (Fluke) - Contact - Tissue
Schistosoma species
11
Q
Undercooked Fish Fluke
A
Trematode - Ingested - Intestine
Clonorchis sinensis
12
Q
River Blindness
A
Nematode - Bite - Tissue
Onchocerca volvulus
13
Q
Filariasis, Elephantiasis
A
Nematode - Bite - Tissue
Wuchereria bancrofti
14
Q
Eye worm
A
Nematode - Bite - Tissue
Loa Loa Filariasis
15
Q
Dog roundworm
A
Nematode - Ingested - Tissue
Toxocara canis
16
Q
- “Perianal pruritus” or “Perianal itchiness”
- “Scotch-tape test”
- Feces: eggs /w smooth outer surface
A
- Enterobius Vermiculas (Pinworm)
- Tx:
- Bendazoles (Melbendazole)
- Pyrantel Pamoate
17
Q
- Intestinal infection
- A/w Resperatory inflammation –> pneumonia
- Eosinophilia
- Intestinal occlusion (wormball)
- Biliary obstruction
- Feces: eggs w/ rough surface
A
- Ascaris lumbridoides (Giant roundworm, Ascariasis)
- Tx:
- Melbendazole
- Pyrantel pamoate
- Albendazole
18
Q
- Intestinal infection causes Vomiting, Diarrhea, Epigastric pain (Peptic ulcer like)
- Gastroenteritis
- Eosinophilia
- Asymptomatic autoinfection
- A/w pneumonia
- Feces: Larvae
A
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- Tx:
- Ivermectin or Albendazole (Thiavendazole)
19
Q
- “Microcytic anemia”
- Intestinal infection causing Anemia by sucking blood from the Intestinal wall
- Gastroenteritis
- Eosinophilia
- Anemia
- A/w Pneumonia
- Feces: Eggs
A
- Ancylostoma duodenale (Hookworms)
- Necator americanus (Microcytic anemia) (Hookworms)
- Tx:
- Bendazoles (Melbandazole)
- Pyrantel pamoate
- Fe2+ and Folic acid for a/ Anemia
20
Q
- Hyperpigmented skin (Black skin nodules)
- Female Blackfly bite
- River blindness - Black eyes
- Allergic Rxn to Microfilaria
- Skin biopsy: Microfilariae
A
- Onchocerca volvulus (River blindness)
- Tx:
- Ivermectin
- Surgery to remove cysts
21
Q
- Swelling in skin
- Worm in the Eye’s conjuctiva
- Dear fly, Horse fly, Mango fly
A
- Loa Loa
- Tx:
- Diethylcarbamazine
22
Q
- Blocks lymphatic vessels
- -> Elephantiasis
- 9 months - 1 year after bite to become symptomatic
- Female mosquito
A
- Wucheria bancrofti (Filariasis, Elephantiasis)
- Tx:
- Diethylcarbamazine
23
Q
- “Brain cysts, seizures”
- Ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork
- Ingestion of eggs
- Feces: Proglottids eggs
A
- Taenia solium (Pork tapeworm) (Cysticercosis)
- Tx:
- Niclosamid + Cathartic
- Praziquantel
- Tissue: Cysticercosis, Neurocysticercosis
- Praziquantel
- Albendazole for Neurocysticercosis
24
Q
- “Vitamin B12 deficiency”
- Anemia
A
- Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish tapeworm)
25
* **"Liver (hydatid) cysts"**
* Echinoccossis
* Hydatid cyst disease of the Liver, Lung, Brain
* X-ray / CT to confirm
* Sheepherders and Sheepdogs
* Echinococcus granulosus (Dog tapeworm)
* Tx:
* Alendazole
* Surgery
26
* **"Hematurisa, Bladder cancer"**
* **"Portal Hypertension"**
* Bladder SCC
* Itchiness at site of infection
* Fever / Chills - RUQ pain
* Fatigue, Bloody diarrhea
* Lymphadenopathy
* Periportal fibrosis
* Intestinal polyps
* **Hematuria**
* Snailes
* Feces: Eggs
* Schistosoma species (Schistosomiasis)
* Hematuria, bladder cancer --\> S. haematobium
* Portal Hypertension --\> S. mansomi, S. japonicum
* Tx:
* Praziquantel
27
* **"Biliary tract disease, Cholangiocarcinoma"**
* Biliary tract inflammation --\> Pigmented gallstone
* Clonorchis sinensis
* Tx:
* Praziquantel
28
Ingested Intestinal
Nematodes (Roundworms)?
Cestodes (Tapeworms)?
* Nematodes (Roundworms)?
* Ascaris lumbricoides (Giant roundworms)
* Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworms)
* Toxocara canis (Dog roundworms)
* Cestodes (Tapeworms)?
* Taenia saginata (Beef tapeworms)
* Taenia solium (Pork tapeworms)
* Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish tapeworms)
29
Ingested Tissue
Nematodes (Roundworms)?
Cestodes (Tapeworms)?
* Nematodes (Roundworms)
* Trichinella spiralis (Trichinosis)
* Cestodes (Tapeworms)
* Echinococcus granulosus (Dog tapeworms)
* Taenia solium (Pork tapeworms)
* Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish tapeworm)
30
Transmitted by Contact
Nematodes (Roundworms) - Intestine?
Trematodes (Flukes) - Tissue?
* Nematodes (Roundworms) - Intestine
* Strongyloides stercoralis
* Necator americanus
* Ancylostoma duodenale
* Trematodes (Flukes) - Tissue
* Schistosoma species
* S. Haematobium
* S. mansoni
* S. japonicum
* Clonorchis sinensis
31
Transmitted by bite
Nematode (Roundworms)?
* Nematodes (Roundworms)
* Onchocerca volvulus (River blindness)
* Loa Loa
* Wuchereria bancrofti (Filariasis, Elephantiasis)
32
Liver Flukes?
* Opisthorchiidae
* Chlonorchis sinensis
* Opistorchis viverrini
* Opistorchis felineus
* Fasciolidae
* Fasciola
* Blood Flukes
* Schistosoma
* S. mansoni
* S. japonicum
* S. haematobium
33
Schistosomes geographic locations?
S. haemotobium --\> Africa, Middle East
S. mansoni --\> Africa, Middle East, South America
S. japonicum --\> East Asia
