Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology II Exam 1 > GI module 3b > Flashcards

GI module 3b Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two forms of pyloric obstruction?

A

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) (congenital)

Adult/acquired pyloric obstruction (Acquired)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

signs and symptoms of IHPS (congenital PS)

A

Infant 2-3 weeks begins projectile vomiting (several feet) for no reason

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pathophysiology of IHPS

A

hypertrophied pyloric sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

etiology of IHPS

A

unknown - ? hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TX for IHPS

A

Pyloromyotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cause of Acquired Pyloric Obstruction?

A

severe peptic ulcer or tumor in area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

s/s of acquired pyloric obstruction?

A

epigastric discomfort/fullness w/ eating that progresses to severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tx for acquired pyloric obstruction

A

address cause of obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 5 different kinds of mechanical obstruction?

A 
Adhesions
Herniation
Intussusception
Volvulus
Tumor growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define obstructive adhesions

A

Fibrous scar tissue adheres to intestinal loops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the MC type of mechanical SI obstruction?

A

Adhesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the 2nd MC type of Mechanical SI obstruction?

A

Herniation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is most commonly a bowel obstruction of infants and young children?

A

Intussusception-more common in ileocecal area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the definition of a volvulus

A

intestine twists upon itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MC cause of LI obstruction?

A

Tumor growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is one functional obstruction (physiological obstruction)

A

Paralytic ileus

17
Q

Define paralytic ileus

A

Obstruction that results when peristalsis stops

18
Q

What are possible causes of an ileus?

A 
Narcotics
HTN meds
ABD, spine, joint surgery
Injury/trauma
Infection/peritonitis
MI
Imbalance of lytes
D/o of muscle function
Mescenteric ischemia
19
Q

TX strategies for ileus?

A

NG tube decompress pressure in GI
Address underlying cause
Surgery if conservative tx unsuccessful

20
Q

What is the other name for Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon?

A

Hirschsprung’s Disease

21
Q

Etiology of Hirschsprung’s dz?

A

Birth defect -ganglionic cells of the LI fail to develop

22
Q

What is the functional result of Hirschsprung’s Dz?

A

Impaired motility of colon - poor coordination/ability to contract muscle
Impacted/trapped stool, infection, inflammation, constipation

23
Q

Name the 2 different kinds of Hirschsprungs dz

A

Short-segment-rectosigmoid colon

Long segement-regions proximal to rectosigmoid also involved

24
Q

Tx for Hirschsprung’s dz

A

Decompress colon - serial rectal irrigation-surgical removal of involved intestinal segment

25
Q

What are the 2 different forms of IBD?

A

Ulcerative colitis

Crohn Dz

26
Q

Peak onset of Crohn’s

A

15-25 and then again up to age 40

27
Q

Pathophys of Crohns

A

Inflammation extends through all layers of intestinal wall
Granulomatous inflammation occurs
Skip lesions may occur
can effect entire GI system

28
Q

Pharaceutical tx of crohns

A 
Antiinflammatory drugs
Salyscylate
Corticosteroids
Infliximabe
Immune suppressors
ABX
29
Q

Surgical tx.

A

Intestinal resection

colostomy/ileostomy

30
Q

What is different about the inflammation of UC as compared to crohns

A

UC inflammation only extends mucosa-not through all layers like Crohn’s

UC always involves rectum and proximally to contiguous sections of colon-Crohn’s can effect ANYWHERE along the GI tract

31
Q

What are the 3 common regions of UC?

A

Ulcerative proctitis
Proctosigmoiditis
Pancolitis

32
Q

What percent of pt’s with diverticulitis are asymptomatic?

A

85%

33
Q

Pathophys of diverticulosis

A

Colonic muscle wall weak where vessels penetrate
Multiple diverticuli present
Most common in sigmoid

34
Q

Tx of Diverticulosis

A

High fiber diet

Avoid high residue foods (anecdotal studies)

35
Q

What is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis

A

Diverticulosis is just out pockets of the intestinal wall, Diverticulitis is inflammation of colonic diverticula!

36
Q

What is the most common etiology of colorectal cancer?

A

Adenomatous polyp

37
Q

Why is colorectal cancer so easy to detect early.

A

It is easy to assess with scope

Slow growth down the star toward deeper layer of mucosa

38
Q

RF for colorectal ca

A

AGE over 50
PMH of inflammatory dz
Family hx
lifestyle related risks

Physiology II Exam 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions