GI misc Flashcards
What is the main difference between a food allergy and a food intolerance?
Food allergy is IgE mediated
Food allergies are the main reason for _____ presenting in the ED
anaphylaxis
What are the MCC of food allergies in adults?
fish/seafood
peanuts/tree nuts
Food allergy or intolerance?
- Hives
- angioedema
- N/V/D, cramping
Allergy
(intolerance you would just have sxs like D, bloating, abd cramping,etc)
How do you tx food allergies (3)?
- Epinephrine autoinjector
- Food avoidance
- Allergist referral
Lowest rate of lactose intolerance in what 2 racial/ethnic groups?
European and European American
Highest rate of lactose intolerance in what 5 racial/ethnic groups?
- African American
- Hispanic
- Asian
- Asian American
- Native American
Lactose intolerance is uncommon under what age?
6
T/F: prevalence of lactose intolerance decreases with age
FALSE
prevalence increases with age
What causes lactose intolerance
Deficiency of lactase enzyme or less efficient lactase enzyme
What are the main causes of lactose malabsorption?
Primary (developmental, congenital)
Secondary (Celiacs, IBD, etc)
Clinical presentation of what?
- Abd pain
- bloating
- flatulence
- Diarrhea
- Borborygmi
*symptoms affected by diet*
Lactose intolerance
What are the 3 components of diagnosing lactose intolerance
- Sxs after lactose ingestion
- Sxs resolve w/ avoidance of lactose
- Lactose hydrogen breath test
(only need 1 and 2 to diagnose)
How do you treat lactose intolerance? (3)
- Lactose-free diet or lactose restrictions
- Enzyme replacement- lactase
- Monitor calcium, vit D
Definition of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency:
Genetic defect in G6PD, a RBC enzyme that generates ______ and protects RBCs from _____ injury
Genetic defect in G6PD, a RBC enzyme that generates NADPH and protects RBCs from oxidative injury
Is G6PD deficiency genetic?
yes.
X-linked
G6PD deficiency is associated with what?
hemolytic anemia
Clinical presentation of which condition?
- Jaundice
- pallor
- dark urine
- abdominal/back pain
- normochromic, normocytic anemia
G6PD deficiency