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GI system > GI Hormones > Flashcards

GI Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Which 2 hormones are in the Gastrin family?

A

Gastrin
Cholecystokinin (CCK)

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2
Q

Which 2 hormones are in the Secretin family?

A

Secretin
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)

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3
Q

Which peptide is under neurocrine control?

A

Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP)

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4
Q

Where is GRP released?

A

Post ganglionic fibres from vagus nerve all over the stomach

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5
Q

What do G cells secrete?

A

Gastrin

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6
Q

Where are G cells found?

A

Stomach antrum

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7
Q

What do I cells secrete?

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

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8
Q

Where are I cells found?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum

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9
Q

What is the effect of cholecystokinin (CCK)?

A

Increases pancreatic enzyme secretion
Stimulates gallbladder contraction

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10
Q

What is the effect of gastrin?

A

Stimulates parietal cells cells to secrete HCl
Stimulates gastric acid secretion

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11
Q

What stimulates G cells?

A

Vagus nerve stimulation via:
- Acetylcholine
- Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP)

Peptides in stomach lumen

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12
Q

What do D cells secrete?

A

Somatostatin

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13
Q

Where are D cells found?

A

Stomach pylorus

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14
Q

What is the effect of somatostatin?

A

Inhibit gastric acid secretion

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15
Q

What stimulates I cells to produce CCK?

A

Fats and protein

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16
Q

What do S cells secrete?

A

Secretin

17
Q

Where are S cells found?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum

18
Q

What is the effect of secretin?

A

Stimulates bicarb release from pancreas and gallbladder
Inhibits gastric acid secretion
Stimulates bile secretion from liver

19
Q

What do K cells secrete?

A

Gastrin inhibitory peptide (GIP)

20
Q

Where are K cells found?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum

21
Q

What is the effect of gastrin inhibitory peptide?

A

Stimulates insulin release
Inhibits gastric acid secretion

22
Q

What stimulates K cells to secrete GIP?

A

Sugars
Amino acids
Fatty acids

23
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A

HCl
Intrinsic factor

24
Q

Where are parietal cells found?

A

Stomach body

25
Q

What stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCl?

A

Gastrin
Histamine
Acetylcholine

26
Q

What do Enterochromaffin like cells (ECLs) secrete?

A

Histamine

27
Q

What do chief cells secrete?

A

Pepsinogen

28
Q

Where are chief cells found?

A

Stomach body

29
Q

What inhibits G cells from secreting gastrin?

A

When food exits stomach pH drops
Low pH activates D cells to secrete somatostatin
Somatostatin inhibits G cells

30
Q

What stimulates D cells to secrete somatostatin?

A

When food exits stomach pH drops
Low pH activates D cells

GI system (1 decks)

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