Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology II > GI Histology > Flashcards

GI Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of epithelium lines the oral cavity

A

stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of epithelium lines the esophagus

A

stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of epithelium lines the stomach

A

simple columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of epithelium lines the intestines

A

simple columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which layer of the mucosa is home to a lareg number of leukocytes

A

lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What layer separates the mucosa from the submucosa

A

Muscularis mucosae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Miessner’s plexus is located where

A

In the submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muscle layers in the muscularis externa (exception: stomach)

A

Inner circular

Outer longitudinal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aurbach’s plexus is located where

A

in the muscularis externa between the inner circular and outer longitudinal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Serosa vs Adventitia

A 
Serosa = in the peritineal cavity 
Adventitia = outside the peritneal cavity (whispy fibers that blend with surrounding connective tissue)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Serosa is made up of what type of epithelium

A

Simple squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which layers are missing in the oral cavity>?

A

Muscularis Mucosa
Muscularis Externa
Serosa/adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Minor salivart glads

A

intrinsic
mucous secreting
branched tubular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

mucous secreting glands of the oral cavity

A

mostly watery part of saliva not very many enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lingual papillae of the tongue

A

Filiform
Fungiform
Circumvallate
Foliate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Filiform papilla

A 
most abundant 
mostly anterior 
Highly keratinized 
Mechanical function (grab onto food) 
NO TASTE BUDS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fungiform papillae

A

mushroom shaped most abundant near the tip of the tonge

taste bud located at apical surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Circumvallate papillae

A

row of saucer shaved papillae that for the V in front of the terminal sulcus
tastebuds placed laterally within the surrounding moat
Von Ebners glands open at the base of the moat and secrete watery saliva to flush the moat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Foliate papillae

A

parallel ridge that run on the side of the tongue, laterally placed tased buds, moat with vonebners glands between the ridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cell types within tase buds

A

sensory - modified neuron

Support cells - fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

where are taste buds located

A

tongue (fungiform, circumvallate, foliate) oral cavity (glossopharyngeal arch, soft palate, Epiglottis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Functions of Saliva

A

lubricates oral cavity
Digestive enzymes (amylase -cabs, lipase- fats)
Antibacterial
Immune - IgA
Source of calcium and phosphate ions essential for normal tooth development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Are major salivary glands intrisnic or extrinsic

A

Extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Three components of major salivary glads

A

Stroma
Secretory part
Ductal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

three types of acini within the secretory part of major salivary glands

A

Serous Acini
Mucous Acini
Mixed Acini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Serous Acini of major salivary glands

A

Protein secreting:
Euchromatic nucleaus, dark basophillic base due to abundant RER, lighter staining (orange) granules in apical domain

Pyramidal shaped cells - gland is spherical in shape

27
Q

Mucous acini of major salivary glands

A

mucous secreting:

Heterochromatic nucli that are squished at the base. Frothy appearance

28
Q

Mixed acini of major salivary glands

A

tubular mucous component with serous cap (seorus demilune)

29
Q

Myoepithelial cells of major salivary glands

A

nonsecreting cells within the acini

contractile cells that embrace the basal part of acinar secretory cells

30
Q

Subdivisions of intralobule ducts in major salivary glands

A
  1. Interacalated

2. Striated

31
Q

Intercalated ducts of major salivary glands

A

intra lobular
begins directly from the acini
lined with low cuboidal
nuclei near the base

32
Q

what kind of epithelium line intercalated ducts

A

low cuboidal

33
Q

Striated ducts of major salivary glands

A

Columnar epithelial cells
Basal membrane infoldings
nuclei in the midd part of the cell (pushed up by basal infoldings

34
Q

type of columnar epithelium lining striated ducts of major salivary glands

A

columnar

35
Q

Purpose of basal membrane inflodings within striated ducts of major salivary glands

A

increase surface area for ion absorption
Pumps transport ions into saliva AGAINST they gradient
Mictochondria are stacked in the infoldings to provide ATP for the pumps

36
Q

what kind of epithelium lines interlobular ducts of major salivary glands

A

Stratifed colimnar (can also be simple columnar and stratifed cuboidal)

37
Q

Which of the major salivary glands is completely serous?

A

parotid

38
Q

Which of the major salivary glands is mixed but is mostly serous?

A

Submandibular

39
Q

Which of the major salivary glands is mixed but is mostly mucous

A

Sublingual

40
Q

three major salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

41
Q

what is unique about the muscularis mucosae of the esophagus?

A

longitudinally oriented bundles of smooth muscle separated by connective tissue

42
Q

Mucosal (esophageal cardiac glands)

A

present in the terminal part of the esophagus

43
Q

Esophageal glands proper

A

located in the submucosa
tubuloalveolar glands
scattered along the length of the esophagus

44
Q

serosa/adventitia of the esophagus

A

mostly adventitia

very distal part that projects through the hiatus of the diaphragm (serosa)

45
Q

Functions of the stomach

A

storage of food
digestion
regulation of GI hormones

46
Q

what layers form the rugae of the stomach

A

mucosa and submucosa fold into rugae

47
Q

Histological regions of the stomach

A
  1. Cardiac region (contains cardiac glands)
  2. Fundic region (contains fundic glands)
  3. Pyloric region (contains pyloric glands)
48
Q

surface mucosal cells

A

mucosa of the stomach (simple columnar)

secrete tough, thick, gel like mucous that forms a coat that protects the epithelium from HCl

49
Q

Gastric pits

A

located on surface epithelium- lined with surface mucous cells

50
Q

how does the lamina propria differ in the stomach from other region?

A

unique glands (depending on area- cardiac, fundic, pyloric)

51
Q

what makes muscularis externa unique in the stomach

A

three layers instead of 2

inner oblique
middle circular layer
outer longitudinal

52
Q

Parietal cells

A

mostly found in the neck of the fundic gland
“Fried egg” appearance

produces HCl

Proceds intrinsic factor

53
Q

Secreting vs nonsecreting parietal cell

A

Secreting - microvilli extend into inracellular canaliculi to increas surace area to pump H and Cl

non-secreting- folds down into tubovesicular system

54
Q

gastric cells

A

located in the base of the fundic gland

protein secreting cell- abdundant RER at base, secretory granules in the apical portion

secrete pepsiongen

55
Q

Mucous neck cells

A

located in the neck of the fundic glands

secretion of soluble mucous to dilute secretions and create a smooth environment

56
Q

enteroendocrine cells

A

concentrated at the base of fundic glands

secrete gastrin and ghrelin

secrete to lamina propria

57
Q

Pogenitor cells

A

located in the isthmus of the gland

replace both mucous cells and fundic gland cells

58
Q

Fundic gland cells

A 
Parietal cells 
gastric cheif cells 
enteroendocrine cells 
mucous neck cells 
Porgenitor cells
59
Q

Cadiac gland cells

A

narrow ring around esophageal orifice

Branched tubular

produces muscous that protect the esophogeal eipthelim form acid reflux

shallow gastric pits (less than 1/2 depth of mucosa)

60
Q

Pyloric Glands

A

located in pyloric antrum

Branched coiled

produce mucous that protects the pyloric mucosa

gastric pits extend beyond 1/2 depth of mucosa

61
Q

Functions of the small intestine

A 
Principle site of digestion of food 
absorption 
synthesis and secretion of digestive enzymes 
control of microbial growth 
regulation of GI function
62
Q

Plicae Circularis

A

unique feature of the small intestine

core contains both mucosa and submucoa

most numerous in the distal duodenum and proximal jejunum

63
Q

Villi

A

unique feature to the small intestine

core formed by connective tissue and lamina propria

Histology II (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions