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BMS200 > GI Embryology > Flashcards

GI Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle cells fail to propagate region of pleuroperitoneal membranes (no scaffolding/ guidance for myoblasts) → weakened area → herniation of abdominal organs into thoracic cavity

A

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

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2
Q

Bind tube cause via tracheoesophageal septum
Polyhydramnios

A

Esophageal Atresia

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3
Q

Abnormal connection between trachea + esophagus caused via tracheoesophageal septum
Polyhydramnios

A

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

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4
Q

Pylorus hypertrophies + thickens → narrowing of lumen → passage of food obstructed
Symptoms: projectile vomiting, polyhydramnios

A

Pyloric Stenosis

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5
Q

Partial occlusion of duodenal lumen due to incomplete recanalization

A

Duodenal Stenosis

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6
Q

Complete occlusion of duodenal lumen due to incomplete recanalization
Symptoms: Distention of epigastric region (infants), vomiting (contains bile) after birth, Polyhydramnios

A

Duodenal Atresia

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7
Q

Part of bile ducts are blocked/ or do not fully develop due to failure of recanalization

A

Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia

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8
Q

Duplication of gallbladder

A

Bifid gallbladder

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9
Q

Abnormal rotation so ventral bud forms ring of pancreatic tissue around the duodenum (rather than fusing completely)
- ring can compress duodenum → partial/ complete obstruction

A

Annular Pancreas

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10
Q

Persistence of physiological herniation of intestinal loops into the proximal part of umbilical cord

A

Congenital Omphalocele

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11
Q

Malformation of the anterior abdominal wall (incomplete closure of lateral folds - 4th week)
Results in abdominal viscera protruding into amniotic cavity

A

Gastroschisis

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12
Q

Intestines herniate again through imperfectly closed umbilicus

A

Umbilical Hernia

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13
Q

Proximal portion of yolk sac remains + forms diverticulum
Can become inflamed + mimic appendicitis
- wall of diverticulum may contain patches of gastric/ pancreatic tissue (secretes acid → ulceration + bleeding)

A

Merkel (ilea) Diverticulum

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14
Q

Both ends of vitelline duct transform into fibrous cords + middle portion forms large cyst

A

Vitelline cyst

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15
Q

External + internal Hemorrhoids

A

Superior 2/3 → internal → covered by mucous membranes + lack pain R
Inferior 1/3 → external → covered by skin + have pain R

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16
Q

Absence of autonomic ganglion cells in myenteric plexus in a segment of colon
- Due to failure of migration of ganglion cells (neural crest cells)
- colon unable to relax + propel stool forward

A

Congenital Megacolon (Hirschsprung disease)

BMS200 (2 decks)

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