[GI] DX AND LAB EXAMS

Question 1

A hormone secreted from the distal part of the stomach

Answer 1

Gastrin

Question 2

What hormone stimulate gastric juices secretions

Answer 2

Gastrin

Question 3

Elevated gastrin can indicate what condition

Answer 3

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Question 4

This bacteria is commonly known to cause GI disorder

Answer 4

Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori)

Question 5

Give 2 common GI problem caused by H. Pylori

Answer 5

Chronic Gastritis and PUD

Question 6

This lab test evaluates digestive efficiency and integrity of stomach and intestine

Answer 6

Fecal analysis

Question 7

What do we check in gross exam of stool

Answer 7

color,consistency and odor

Question 8

A type of fecal analysis to determine GI bleeding

Answer 8

FOBT (Fecal Occult Blood test)

Question 9

What to avoid prior to FOBT

Answer 9

Red meat, Liver, Aspirin, NSAIDs, turnips, horseradish

Question 10

How many hours prior to FOBT test should we avoid contraindicated foods

Answer 10

48-72 hrs

Question 11

What vitamin can cause false negative FOBT result

Answer 11

C

Question 12

A type of fecal analysis to detect intestinal infections caused by parasites and their eggs

Answer 12

Ova and parasites

Question 13

Ova and parasites analysis needs how many stool specimen

Answer 13

3 stool specimen to be evaluated

Question 14

This fecal analysis determines the cause and presence of high fat content in the stool and confirms steatorrhea diagnosis

Answer 14

Fecal fat

Question 15

Under preparation of fecal fat test a normal fat diet of ____ mg per day is given for ____ days before test

Answer 15

100, 3 days

Question 16

Fecal fat needs how many stool specimen in a non waxy container and refrigerated when stored

Answer 16

3

Question 17

This fecal analysis is used to isolate the microorganism that caused clinical infection

Answer 17

Stool culture

Question 18

In stool culture how many hours does it took to grow microorganism

Answer 18

24-36 hrs

Question 19

In stool culture specimen should be sent no more than ___ minutes and is obtained ___ antibiotic therapy

Answer 19

30 , prior/before

Question 20

A test to assess malabsorption

Answer 20

D-xylose absorption test

Question 21

A monosaccharide that is absorbed in the ________ intestine to assess malabsorption

Answer 21

D-xylose, small

Question 22

In D-xylose test NPO of how many hrs is needed

Answer 22

10-12

Question 23

D-xylose level is assessed through ________ and _______ after 2 hrs/5hrs

Answer 23

Blood and urine sample

Question 24

A test to measure HCI acid secretion and pepsin in the stomach

Answer 24

Gastric analysis

Question 25

In gastric analysis avoid these three meds for 3 days:

Answer 25

Cholinergics, H2 blocker and antacids

Question 26

This can be done to check for malignancy during gastric analysis

Answer 26

Exfoliative cytology

Question 27

Normal level of serum amylase and serum lipase

Answer 27

0-130 U/L and 0-160 U/L

Question 28

This serum is secreted in the pancreas and is used to diagnose acute pancreatitis

Answer 28

Serum lipase

Question 29

In liver function test this serum is measured to check liver’s ability to conjugate and excrete bilirubin

Answer 29

Serum bilirubin

Question 30

In Serum bilirubin test NPO of 4 hrs or post midnight is implemented except for what type of drink

Answer 30

Water

Question 31

If a neonate will undergo serum bilirubin test do they need to fast prior to test?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

In chronic liber disease A/G ratio is altered which one is increased

Answer 32

Dec albumin - Inc globulin

Question 33

Normal serum ammonia level

Answer 33

30-70 mcg/dl

Question 34

Increased ammonia indicates?

Answer 34

Severe hepatocellular damage

Question 35

Alkaline phosphatase normal value is

Answer 35

30-120 U/L

Question 36

Increased serum enzyme this indicates obstruction in biliary tract

Answer 36

Alkaline phosphatase

Question 37

Normal level of AST

Answer 37

7-40 U/L

Question 38

Increased Level of AST indicates

Answer 38

Liver damage or inflammation

Question 39

ALT normal level which can indicate liver damage and inflammation if increased

Answer 39

5-36 U/L

Question 40

This enzyme if not within (0-30 U/L) indicates hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease and is considered more senstivr for liver dysfunction than ALP

Answer 40

y-glutamyltranspeptidase

Question 41

Serum cholesterol if increased more than 200 mg/dl indicates what two condition

Answer 41

Biliary obstruction and pancreatitis

Question 42

Serum cholesterol if decrease indicates what two condition

Answer 42

Liver disease and malnutrition

Question 43

This test shows the size and configuration of organs esp in the abdomen

Answer 43

Abdominal UTZ

Question 44

Abdominal UTZ in best used to detect what 3 common problem

Answer 44

Gallstone, Appendicitis, cholecystitis

Question 45

Test used to evaluted liver, biliary tract, gall bladder and pancreatic disorders

Answer 45

CT scan

Question 46

1.Can CT scan distinguish cyst and tumor 2.Differentiate obstructive from non-obstructive jaundice

Answer 46

Yes and Yes

Question 47

CT scan for abdomen requires _-_ hrs of NPO

Answer 47

8-12

Question 48

Test used to detect hepatic metastasis and source of gi bleeding and stage of colorectal cancer as it can produce cross sectional image of organ and must follow NPO for 6-8 hrs

Answer 48

MRI

Question 49

This upper gi test is used to diagnose steuctural abnormalities of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum

Answer 49

Ba-Swallow / Barium Swallow

Question 50

What is administered to expel Barium after Ba- Swallow test aside from inc fluid intake

Answer 50

Laxative

Question 51

In Ba test stool becomes white and returns to normal after ___ hrs

Answer 51

72

Question 52

A direct visualisation of GI system by means of a light flexible tube

Answer 52

Endoscopy

Question 53

EGD is hsed to visualize mucosalnlinig of esophagus, stomach and duodenum which means what

Answer 53

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Question 54

Post endoscopy NPO is implemented until this reflex return aside from temp monitoring q30

Answer 54

Gag

Question 55

Visualisation of lining of the large intestine using a fiber optic endoscope

Answer 55

Colonscopy

Question 56

Used to visualize small intestine and diagnose chrons, celiac and source of gi bleeding

Answer 56

Capsule endoscopy

Question 57

Npo for capsule endoscopy is how many hrs after swallowing the capsule

Answer 57

6

Question 58

Test to visualize rectum and sigmoid

Answer 58

Sigmoidoscopy

Question 59

Position used for sigmoidoscopy

Answer 59

Knee-chest

Question 60

Cl for how many days for colonoscopy

Answer 60

2 days

Question 61

ERCP means

Answer 61

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholagiopancreatography

Question 62

ERCP is used to evaluate patency of ____ and ______ and to observe structures, stones and cysts and tumor

Answer 62

Pancreas and common bile duct

Question 63

Sedation in ERCP is done when

Answer 63

Before and after the test

Question 64

Test used to visualize peritoneal cavity and its content with laparoscope using general anaesthesia

Answer 64

Laparoscopy or peritoneoscopy

Question 65

A test that uses radioisotopes to detect functional disorder or structural defects

Answer 65

Nuclear imaging scans

Question 66

A biopsy that removes small piece of liver

Answer 66

Liver biopsy

Question 67

Liver damage can be assess true biopsy

Answer 67

True,yes

Question 68

After liver biopsy patient must lie on the right side for how many hrs

Answer 68

2

Question 69

Used to extract fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity due to ascites or for culture

Answer 69

Paracentesis

Question 70

This is infused for 24 hrs in post paracentesis

Answer 70

Albumin infusion