Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phar 141 > GI drugs incomplete > Flashcards

GI drugs incomplete Flashcards

1
Q

Antacids

A

NaHCO3
CaCO3
Al(OH)3
Mg(OH)2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MOA of antacids

A

• reduce the concentration & total load of
acid in the gastric contents
• inhibit pepsin activity
• strengthen the mucosal barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

AE of Al(OH)3

A

constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

AE of Mg(OH)2

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

with an AE of milk-alkali syndrome and rebound acid secretion

A

CaCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

with AE of gastric distention & belching

A

NaHCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

proper dosing of antacids

A

1 hr before & 3 hrs after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

H2-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS

A
  • Famotidine (Pepsid)
  • Nizatidine (Axid)
  • Ranitidine (Zantac)
  • Cimetidine (Tagamet)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

competitively inhibits the action of histamine at parietal cell receptors sites, reducing the volume & H+ concentration of gastric acid secretions

A

H2-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

AEs of Cimetidine

A

mental status changes
gynecomastia or impotence in men
galactorrhea in women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

salt of sucrose

complexed to sulfated Al(OH)3

A

Sucralfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MOA of sucralfate

A

negatively charged sucrose sulfate binds to positively charged proteins in the base of ulcers or erosion, forming a physical barrier that restricts further caustic damage & stimulates mucosal PG (PGE1) & HCO3-secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

drugs for prevention of stress-related bleeding

A

H2-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS

MUCOSAL PROTECTIVE AGENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

AE of MUCOSAL PROTECTIVE AGENT

A

constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  • decrease basal & stimulated gastric acid & pepsin secretion
  • delay gastric emptying (with antacids)
A

GI ANTICHOLINERGICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

adjunctive agents for relief of refractory duodenal ulcer pain

A

GI ANTICHOLINERGICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CIs on the use of GI ANTICHOLINERGICS

A
  • gastric ulcer
  • narrow-angle glaucoma
  • urinary retention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

AEs of GI ANTICHOLINERGICS

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, urinary retention, constipation (ALICE IN WONDERLAND)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

binds to a PG receptor on parietal cells, reducing histamine-stimulated cAMP production & causing modest acid inhibition

A

PROSTAGLANDIN ANALOG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers in high-risk patients

A

Misoprostol (PGE1 analog)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

AEs of PROSTAGLANDIN ANALOG

A
  • diarrhea

* cramping abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CIs on use of Misoprostol

A

pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS

A
  • Omeprazole (Prilosec)
  • Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
  • Rabeprazole (Aciphex)
  • Pantoprazole (Protonace)
  • Esomeprazole (Nexium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

MOA of PPIs

A

bind to the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme system (proton pump) suppressing secretion of gastric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Clinical uses of PPIs

A 
• GERD
• PUD
- H. pylori-associated ulcers
- NSAID-associated ulcers
- prevention of rebleeding from peptic ulcers
• nonulcer dyspepsia
• gastrinoma & other
hypersecretory conditions
26
Q

AEs OF PPIs

A
  • subnormal vitamin B12 levels (prolonged therapy)
  • respiratory & enteric infections
  • hypergastrinemia
27
Q

COLLOIDAL BISMUTH

COMPOUNDS

A
  • Bismuth subsalicylate
  • Bismuth subcitrate
  • Bismuth dinitrate
28
Q

clinical uses of COLLOIDAL BISMUTH COMPOUNDS

A
  • nonspecific treatment of dyspepsia & acute diarrhea
  • prevention of traveler’s diarrhea
  • eradication of H. pylori infection
29
Q

AEs of COLLOIDAL BISMUTH COMPOUNDS

A
  • blackening of the stool
  • darkening of the tongue
  • salicylate toxicity (high doses of bismuth subsalicylate)
30
Q

drugs for GERD

A 
antacids
alginic acid
h2 receptor antagonists
prokinetic agents
PPIs
31
Q

reacts with NaHCO3 & saliva to form a viscous solution of sodium alginate

A

ALGINIC ACID

32
Q

MOA of PROKINETIC AGENTS

A
  • dopamine D2 receptor antagonists
  • increase esophageal peristaltic amplitude
  • increase LES pressure
  • enhance gastric emptying
33
Q

AEs of PROKINETIC AGENTS

A
  • extrapyramidal effects
  • tardive dyskinesia
  • galactorrhea, gynecomastia, impotence, menstrual disorders
34
Q

indigestible, hydrophilic colloids that absorb
water, forming a bulky, emollient gel that
distends the colon & promotes peristalsis

A

BULK-FORMING LAXATIVES

35
Q

BULK-FORMING LAXATIVES

A

Natural:
Psyllium
Malt soup extract

Synthetic:
Methylcellulose
Polycarbophil

36
Q

onset of action of BULK-FORMING LAXATIVES

A

slow onset of action (12-24 hrs & up to 72 hrs) must be given with at least 8 oz of H2O

37
Q

AEs of BULK-FORMING LAXATIVES

A
  • bloating

* flatulence

38
Q

CIs of BULK-FORMING LAXATIVES

A
  • obstructing bowel lesion
  • intestinal structures
  • Crohn’s disease
39
Q

OSMOTICALLY ACTIVE AGENTS

A

Saline laxatives
Nondigestible Sugars & Alcohols
Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solutions
Glycerin

40
Q

onset of action of saline laxatives

A

5-30 mins (rectal)

3-6 hrs (PO)

41
Q

CIs of saline laxatives

A
  • HTN
  • CHF
  • renal impairment
42
Q

hydrolyzed in the colon to short-chain FAs, which stimulate colonic propulsive motility by osmotically drawing water into the lumen

A

Nondigestible Sugars & Alcohols

43
Q

onset of lactulose

A

1-2 days

44
Q

indication of lactulose

A

hepatic encephalopathy

45
Q

AEs of Nondigestible Sugars & Alcohols

A
  • abdominal cramping

* flatulence

46
Q

contain an inert, nonabsorbable, osmotically active sugar with sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, & potassium chloride

A

Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solutions

47
Q

onset of action of Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solutions

A

1-3 days

48
Q

used in pediatric constipation

A

Glycerin

49
Q

onset of action of glycerin

A

fast

within 1 hour

50
Q

STIMULANT (IRRITANT) LAXATIVES

A 
Anthraquinone Derivatives
• Aloe
• Senna
• Cascara
Diphenylmethane Derivatives
• Phenolphthalein
• Oxyphenisatin
• Sodium picosulfate
• Bisacodyl
Castor oil
51
Q

probably induce a limited low-grade inflammation in the small & large bowel to promote accumulation of water & electrolytes & stimulate intestinal motility

A

STIMULANT (IRRITANT) LAXATIVES

52
Q

onset of action of STIMULANT (IRRITANT) LAXATIVES

A

6-10 hrs (PO)

30-60 mins (rectal)

53
Q

AEs of anthraquinone derivatives

A
  • melanosis coli

* cathartic colon

54
Q

T/F Castor oil can be used in pregnant px

A

F

55
Q
  • act as surfactants by allowing absorption of water into the stool
  • patients who recently had a MI or rectal surgery
A

EMOLLIENT LAXATIVE

56
Q

EMOLLIENT LAXATIVES

A

Docusate sodium, Docusate calcium, Docusate

potassium

57
Q

onset of action of EMOLLIENT LAXATIVES

A

24-72 hrs

58
Q

works at the colon to increase H2O retention in

the stool to soften the stool

A

LUBRICANT LAXATIVE

59
Q

onset of action of LUBRICANT LAXATIVE

A

6-8 hrs

60
Q

LUBRICANT LAXATIVE inc/dec absorption of vit ADEK

A

decrease

61
Q

LUBRICANT LAXATIVEs may cause _____

A 
anal seepage (itching &
perianal discomfort)

Phar 141 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions