GI Disturbances Flashcards
Etiology of Non Bilious Regurg
Overfeeding Reflux Milk formula protein sensitivity Sepsis, UTI Necrotizing enterocolitis CNS lesion Pyloric stenosis Metabolic abnormalities Drugs Hirschsprung's Dz
Etiology of Bilious Regurg
Congenital anomalies
Malrotation
GI atresia
Intestinal obstruction
Management of Regurg/Vomiting
Check for weight loss
Labs: infection, electrolytes
Ab Xray
bilious vomiting+hematemesis= SURGERY
US for pyloric stenosis
Treatment of vomiting
homeopathy other soothing methods besides feeding Upright posture Diet- alters MOB ulmus slurry DGL (safe?) Ranitidine
Diarrhea Etiology
GI infxn, sepsis overfeeding Abx Milk protein allergy NEC Malabsorptive- post infection or congenital Cholestasis
Diarrhea Management
Hydration status?
If “look sick” blood culture/Abx
if > 2 weeks of sxs, pancreatic function tests, stool electrolytes, intestinal bx
Diarrhea Tx
homeopathy
change MOB diet
ulmus fulvus, althea
charcoal, probiotics, glutamine
Hematemesis
bleeding above lig of Treitz
Hematochezia
lower GI bleed
ddx: swallowed maternal blood during delivery
Upper GI Bleed Etiology
DIC gastritis, ulcers pyloric stenosis hemorrhagic dz of newborn coagulopathy
Lower GI Bleed Etiology
Milk protein allergy Anal fissures acute enterocolitis rectal injury, hemorrhoids NEC volvulus, intessusception Meckel's diverticulum Hirschsprung's dz
Testing
Guaiac testing of vomit or stool
Apt test to differentiate between maternal and infant
Nasogastric tube to confirm upper GI bleed
Management of GI bleed
Was Vit K given? examine anal canal stool exam (WBCs, C diff) blood transfusion Avoid food sensitivities (ie dairy)
Etiology of delayed meconium
Intestinal obstrxn, spinal defects, maternal drugs (opiates), meconium ileus
Infrequent stools
Hypothyroid
Spinal defects
Hypotonia/Downs
Functional constipation
