Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

OTC > GI disorders > Flashcards

GI disorders Flashcards

1
Q

location of discomfort in heartburn

A

behind the breastbone (substernal area)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiological cause of heartburn

A

gastric acid flowing back into the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Physiological cause of acid indigestion

A

excessive HCl in the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Location of discomfort with acid indigestion

A

upper portion of the stomach (epigastric area)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Exclusions to self-care for heartburn

A
  1. alarm symptms
  2. GERD
  3. > 2 wks on OTC product
  4. Already on meds of heartburn
  5. On chronic NSAIDs
  6. Severe symptoms, including nocturnal symptoms
  7. GI bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MOA of antacids

A

neutralize gastric acid and increase pH of gastric contents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Increasing potency and antacids

A

aluminum salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Onset of action for antacids

A

5-30 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

FDA approved indications for antacids

A

heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach and overindulgence of food/drink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common AE of aluminum antacids

A

constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common AE with magnesium antacids

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

AEs with sodium bicarbonate

A
  1. weight gain, water retention and sodium overload

2. Milk-alkali syndrome (bones, stones and psychotic overtones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Optimal time to take antacids

A

1 hour after meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1st line OTC heartburn medication in pregnancy due to historical use

A

Antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Antacid to avoid in pregnancy due to fluid overload

A

sodium bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Minimum age for H2 receptor antagonists

A

12 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Indication of PPIs

A

Treatment of frequent heartburn (not for prevention or episodic heartburn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Minimum age for PPIs

A

18 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Onset to max clinical effect for PPIs

A

1-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ingredient fount in combo with sodium bicarbonate that is listed as an inactive ingrediant but in the presence of saliva, reacts with sodium bicarbonate and protects lining of the esophagus

A

alginic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Minimum age for bismuth subsalicylate

A

12 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Age at which heartburn/acid indigestion should be refered

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Frequency and duration for heartburn to qualify as GERD

A

2 or more days per week for 3 or more months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

MOA of simethicone

A

decreases surface tension of gas bubbles so they are broken up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Indication of alpha-galactosidase
Prevention of intestinal gas
26
Indication of simethicone
Relieve painful symptoms of excess gas
27
Minimum age for galactosidase
12 y/o
28
Suggested daily dietary fiber intake for adults 50 or less
38 g men, 25 g women
29
Suggested daily dietary fiber intake for adults >50
30 g men, 21 g women
30
Suggested daily fiber intake for kids 1-3 y/o
19 g
31
Suggested daily fiber intake for kids 4-8
25 g
32
Suggested daily fiber intake for kids 9-13
31 g boys, 26 g girls
33
Suggested daily fiber intake for kids 14-18 y/o
38 g boys, 2 g girls
34
Maximum time for self-care for constipation
1 week
35
Min age for FiberCon
12 y/o
36
Minimum age for Metamucil and Citrucel
6 y/o
37
3 common bulk-forming fiber laxatives
Psyllium, Methylcellulose, Calcium polycarbophil
38
2 fecal stool softeners
docusate sodium and docusate calcium
39
Onset of action of docusate products
24-72 hours
40
Min age for docusate
6 y/o
41
Only available lubricant laxative
Mineral oil
42
Onset of action of mineral oil
6-8 hrs (oral,), 5-15 min (rectal)
43
Indication of docusate products
Prevention of constipation
44
Min age for mineral oil
6 y/o
45
3 common saline laxatives
magnesium citrate, magnesium hydroxide, sodium phosphate
46
Onset of action of saline laxatives
30 min - 6 hrs (oral), 2-5 min (rectal)
47
Min age for saline laxatives
2 y/o (rectal), 5 y/o (oral)
48
2 hyperosmolar laxatives
glycerin, polyethylene glycol (PEG)
49
Onset of action of glycerin
15min- 1hr
50
Onset of action of PEG
12-72 hrs
51
Min age for glycerin
2 y/o
52
Min age for OTC PEG
17 y/o
53
2 stimulant laxatives
senna, bisacodyl
54
Onset of action of senna
6-24 hrs
55
Onset of action for bisacodyl
6-10 hrs (oral), 15-60 min (rectal)
56
Min age for stimulant laxatives
2 y/o (caution
57
Min age for self-care of hemorrhoids
12 y/o
58
Max duration of hemorrhoid for self-care
7 days
59
vasoconstrictor used for the treatment of internal and external hemorrhoids
phenylephrine
60
protectant that can only be used to treat external hemorroids, not internal
glycerin
61
10 protectants that can be used to treat both internal and external hemorroids
aluminum hydroxide, cocoa butter, kaolin, lanolin, mineral oil, white petroleum, shark liver oil, zinc oxide, topical starch, cod liver oil
62
2 astringents that can be used for both internal and external hemorroids
calamine and zinc oxide
63
Astringent that can be used for external hemorrhoids only
witch hazel
64
Max duration of use of OTCs for diarrhea
2 days
65
Organism commonly associated with protozoal infections
giardia
66
3 classifications of mild diarrhea
1. 3 or less stools/day 2. low grade fever 3. normal BP and pulse
67
3 classifications of moderate diarrhea
1. 4-5 stools/day 2. fever >101 3. mild orthostatic BP and pulse changes
68
5 classifications of severe fever
1. 6 or more stools/day 2. fever >101 3. low BP, dizziness 4. >9% weight loss 5. severe abdominal pain
69
Duration that qualifies as persistent diarrhea (not a candidate for self-care)
14 days - 4 wks
70
Duration that qualifies as chronic diarrhea (Not a candidate for self-care)
>4wks
71
Min age for self-care diarrhea treatment
6 y/o, or any kid with fever >101 and diarrhea
72
Amount of rehydration for mild diarrhea for patients 5 or younger
50 mL/kg over 4 hrs
73
Amount of rehydration for mild diarrhea for >5 y/o
2 L over 4 hrs
74
Amount of rehydration for moderate diarrhea for 5 y/o or less
100 mL/kg over4 hrs
75
Amount of rehydration for moderate diarrhea for >5 y/o
2-4 L over 4 hrs
76
Maintenance fluids for mild/moderate diarrhea for 5 y/o or younger
10 mL/kg or 0.5-1 cups/stool
77
Maintenance fluids for mild/moderate diarrhea for >5 y/o
replace losses
78
Max amount of loperamide/day
6 tabs/day
79
Dosing for lopiramide
4 mg initially then 2 mg after each loose stool
80
Min age for loperamide use
6 y/o (but caution in kids due to AEs)
81
Min age for use of bismuth subsalicylate
12 y/o
82
2 main drug interactions with bismuth subsalicylate
warfarin, tetracyclines

OTC (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions