GI Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Can you survive without a stomach?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Can you survive without a small bowel?

A

No

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3
Q

How many cm of combined jejunum and ileum do you need to achieve nutritional autonomy if there is no colon?

A

200cm

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4
Q

How many cm of duodenum do you need to achieve nutritional autonomy if there is colon in continuity?

A

100-150cm

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5
Q

What is the definition of short bowel syndrome?

A

A symptom complex which occurs in adults who has < 200 cm of combined jejunum and ileum

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6
Q

What physiological problems might you expect in patients with short bowel syndrome?

A
Mal nutrition 
Malabsorption
Weight loss
Diarrhea
Dehydration
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7
Q

Can you survive without a large bowel?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What does bright red bleeding indicate?

A

Bleeding which is low in the colon or rectum

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9
Q

What does darker red bleeding per rectum indicate?

A

A GI bleed which lies higher up in the GI system

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10
Q

What is Melena?

A

Dark, tar like stool which indicates bleeding in the stomach

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11
Q

What investigations can be done to identify a GI bleed?

A

OGD and colonoscopy

CT angiogram

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12
Q

What might a OGDoscopy show?

A

Duodenal ulcer which is bleeding

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13
Q

If the OGD shows too much blood, what does this indicate about the bleed?

A

The bleeding source is in the Upper GI tract

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14
Q

If endoscopic measures fail to show the location of the bleed, what investigation should be done instead?

A

CT angiogram

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15
Q

What is the treatment for a GI bleed?

A

Embolism of the bleed

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16
Q

What treatment should be performed if embolism is unsuccessful?

A

Surgery to remove the bleed

17
Q

Which part of the GI system should you avoid embolising and why?

A

The large bowel as there is already not a very large blood supply

18
Q

What is meant by cockily abdominal pain?

A

Pain in the abdomen which is associated with cramping pains, can come without warning and be quite intense

19
Q

What might a patient with a GI bleed present with?

A

Colicky pain, massive bright red blleding per rectum, cold and clammy to touch, high heart rate and low blood pressure

20
Q

What is angiodysplasia?

A

Angiodysplasia of the colon is swollen, fragile blood vessels in the colon. This can result in blood loss from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

21
Q

What is Meckel’s Diverticulum?

A

small pouch / ulcer in the wall of the intestine, near the junction of the small and large intestines, which can rupture and cause sereve GI bleeding

22
Q

What are haemorrhoids?

A

Swollen veins in the lower rectum, which can bleed