GI CORE - Sheet1 Flashcards
dilated esophagus + ground glass in lung bases (+/- subpleural sparing)
scleroderma + NSIP
upper GI location: H pylori gastritis
antrum
upper GI location: zollinger ellison
ulcerations in stomach, duodenal bulb is most common location for ulcers (jejunal ulcer is buzzword)
upper GI location: crohns
uncommon in stomach, but when it is, it likes the antrum
upper GI location: menetrier
usually fundus (classically spares the antrum)
upper GI location: lymphoma
“crosses the pylorus”
infection location: giardia
duodenum
infection location: stronglyoides
duodenum
infection location: TB
terminal ileum
infection location: yersinia
terminal ileum
size of ulcers: herpes esophagitis vs. CMV + AIDS
Herpes Esophagitis = Multiple Small Ulcers
CMV and AIDS = Solitary Large Ulcer
squamous vs. adenocarcinoma esophageal cancer
Squamous Cell = Black Guy who drinks and smokes- mid esophagus
Adenocarcinoma = White Guy with reflux (history of PPls) - lower esophagus
uphill vs. downhill varices
uphill: portal HTN, bottom half of esophagus; downhill: SVC syndrome, top half of esophagus
traction vs. pulsion diverticulum
traction: triangular, will empty; pulsion: round, will NOT empty (no muscle in walls)
sliding vs. rolling esophageal hernias
sliding: GE junction above the diaphragm; rolling: GE junction below the diaphragm
Carney’s Triad vs. Carney’s Complex
Carney’s triad: extra-adrenal pheo, GIST, pulmonary chondroma; Carney’s complex: Cardiac myxoma, skin stuff, endocrine stuff
direct vs. indirect inguinal hernia: most common?
indirect is more common
direct vs. indirect inguinal hernia: location relative to inferior epigastric?
direct: medial to inferior epigastric, indirect: lateral to inferior epigastric
direct vs. indirect inguinal hernia: what went wrong?
direct: defect in Hesselbach triangle, indirect: failure of processus vaginalis to close
direct vs. indirect inguinal hernia: covered by spermatic fascia?
direct: NOT covered by internal spermatic fascia, indirect: covered by internal spermatic fascia
sigmoid vs. cecal volvulus:
sigmoid: old constipated person, points to RUQ; cecal: younger (mass, surgery, 3rd trimester), points to LUQ
regenerative vs dysplastic liver nodules contents
regenerative: contains iron, dysplastic: contains fat, glycoprotein
regenerative vs dysplastic liver nodules vs HCC: MRI signal
regen: T1 dark, T2 bright; dysplastic: T1 bright, T2 dark; HCC: T2 bright
regenerative vs dysplastic liver nodules vs HCC: enhancement
HCC enhances, regen + dysplastic do NOT enhance
FNH vs. fibrolamellar HCC central scars: T2 signal
FNH: T2 bright; FL HCC: T2 dark (usually)
FNH vs. fibrolamellar HCC central scars: enhancement
FNH: enhances on delays; FL HCC: does NOT enhance
FNH vs. fibrolamellar HCC: nucs
FNH: mass is SC avid (sometimes); FL HCC: mass is gallium avid
HCC vs. fibrolamellar HCC: cirrhosis?
no cirrhosis in FL HCC
HCC vs. fibrolamellar HCC: demographics
HCC: older (50-60s) vs. FL HCC: younger (30s)
HCC vs. fibrolamellar HCC: calcification?
HCC: rarely calcifies vs. FL HCC: sometimes calcifies
HCC vs. fibrolamellar HCC: AFP?
HCC: elevated AFP vs. FL HCC: normal
primary vs. secondary hemochromatosis: organs
primary: liver + Pancreas (heart, thyroid, pituitary) vs. secondary: liver + Spleen (RES)
primary vs. secondary hemochromatosis: what went wrong
primary: genetic, increased absportion vs. secondary: acquired, multiple transfusions
When I say “narrowed B Ring,” You say
Schatzki
When I say “esophageal concentric rings,” You say
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
When I say “shaggy” or “plaque like” esophagus, You say
Candidiasis
When I say “ looks like candida, but an asymptomatic old lady,” you say
glycogen acanthosis
When I say “reticular mucosal pattern,” you say
Barretts
When I say “high stricture with an associated hiatal hernia,” you say
Barretts
When I say “abrupt shoulders,” you say
cancer
When I say “Killian Dehiscence,” you say
Zenker Diverticulum
When I say “transient, fine transverse folds across the esophagus,” you say
Feline esophagus
When I say “bird’s beak,” you say
Achalasia
When I say “solitary esophageal ulcer,” you say
CMV or AIDS
When I say “ulcers at the level of the arch or distal esophagus,” you say
medication induced
When I say “Breast Cancer + Bowel Hamartomas,” you say
Cowdens
When I say “Desmoid Tumors + Bowel Polyps,” you say
Gardners
When I say “Brain Tumors + Bowel Polyps,” you say
Turcots
When I say “enlarged left supraclavicular node,” you say
Virchow Node (GI Cancer)
When I say “crosses the pylorus,” you say
Gastric Lymphoma
When I say “ isolated gastric varices,” you say
splenic vein thrombus
When I say “multiple gastric ulcers,” you say
Chronic Aspirin Therapy.
When I say “multiple duodenal (or jejunal) ulcers,” you say
Zollinger-Elision
When I say “pancreatitis after Billroth 2,” you say
Afferent Loop Syndrome
When I say “Weight gain years after Roux-en-Y,” you say
Gastro-Gastro Fistula
When I say “Clover Leak Sign - Duodenum,” you say
healed peptic ulcer.
When I say “Sand Like Nodules in the Jejunum,” you say
Whipples
When I say “Sand Like Nodules in the Jejunum + CD4 < 100,” you say
MAl
When I say “Ribbon-like bowel,” you say
Graft vs Host
When I say “Ribbon like Jejunum,” you say
Long Standing Celiac
When I say “Moulage Pattern,” you say
Celiac
When I say “Fold Reversal - of jejunum and ileum,” you say
Celiac
When I say “Cavitary (low density) Lymph nodes,” you say
Celiac
When I say “hide bound” or “Stack or coins,” you say
Scleroderma
When I say “Megaduodenum,” you say
Scleroderma
When I say “Duodenal obstruction, with recent weight loss,” you say
SMA Syndrome
When I say “Coned shaped cecum,” you say
Amebiasis
When I say “Lead Pipe,” you say
Ulcerative Colitis
When I say “String Sign,” you say
Crohns
When I say “Massive circumferential thickening, without obstruction,” you say
Lymphoma
When I say “Multiple small bowel target signs,” you say
Melanoma
When I say “Obstructing Old Lady Hernia,” you say
Femoral Hernia
When I say “sac of bowel,” you say
Paraduodenal hernia.
When I say “scalloped appearance of the liver,” you say
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei
When I say “HCC without cirrhosis,” you say
Hepatitis B
When I say “Capsular retraction,” you say
Cholangiocarcinoma
When I say “Periportal hypocchoic infiltration + AIDS,” you say
Kaposi’s
When I say “sparing of the caudate lobe,” you say
Budd Chiari
When I say “ large T2 bright nodes+ Budd Chiari,” you say
Hyperplastic nodules
When I say “liver high signal in phase, low signal out phase,” you say
fatty liver
When I say “liver low signal in phase, and high signal out phase,” you say
hemochromatosis
When I say “multi focal intrahepatic and extrahepatic stricture,” you say
PSC
When I say “multi focal intrahepatic and extrahepatic strictures + papillary stenosis,” you
say AIDS Cholangiopathy.
When I say “bile ducts full of stones,” you say
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis
When I say “Gallbladder Comet Tail Artifact,” you say
Adenomyomatosis
When I say “lipomatous pseudohypertrophy of the pancreas,” you say
CF
When I say “sausage shaped pancreas,” you say
autoimmune pancreatitis
When I say “autoimmune pancreatitis,” you say
IgG4
When I say “ IgG4” you say
RP Fibrosis, Sclerosing Cholangitis, Fibrosing Medianstinitis, Inflammatory Pseudotumor
When I say “Wide duodenal Sweep,” you say
Pancreatic Cancer
most common benign mucosal lesion of the esophagus
papilloma
esophageal webs have increased risk for (2)?
cancer and plummer-vinson syndrome (anemia + web)
achalasia has an increased risk of what kind of cancer?
squamous (20 years later)
most common mesenchymal tumor of the GI tract
GIST
most common location for GIST
stomach
what’s a krukenberg tumor?
Stomach (GI) met to the ovary
most common location for sarcoid in the GI tract
stomach
most common internal hernia?
left sided paraduodenal
Most common site of peritoneal carcinomatosis
retrovesical space
An injury to the bare area of the liver can cause a
retroperitoneal bleed
what antibodies are positive in PBC
antimitochondrial
Mirizzi Syndrome
the stone in the cystic duct obstructs the CBD.
Mirizzi Syndrome has a 5 x increased risk of?
GB cancer
dorsal pancreatic agenesis is associated with these 2 random things
diabetes and polysplenia
When I say “Grandmother Pancreatic Cyst” you say
Serous Cystadenoma
When I say “Mother Pancreatic Cyst” you say
Mucinous
When I say “Daughter Pancreatic Cyst,” you say
Solid Pseudopapillary
Felty’s Syndrome
Big Spleen, RA, and Neutropenia
most common islet cell tumor
insulinoma
most common islet cell tumor with MEN
gastrinoma
NSAID erosive gastritis - finding in fluoro
“shallow”/aphthoid/erosive, multiple ulcers (hole with central dot)
