GI and Repro Revision Flashcards
Layers of the lateral abdominal wall?
skin fatty layer of superficial fascia (camper's fascia) deep membranous layer of superficial fascia (scarpa's fascia) deep fascia external oblique muscle deep fascia internal oblique muscle deep fascia transversus abdominis muscle transversalis fascia extra-peritoneal fat parietal peritoneum
what line marks the disapperance of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath?
the arcuate/Douglas’ line
= 1/3 of the distance between the umbilicus and the pubic crest
layers of the anterior abdominal wall above the arcuate line?
skin fatty layer of superficial fascia membranous layer of superficial fascia deep fascia external oblique aponeurosis anterior part of internal oblique aponeurosis rectus abdominis muscle posterior part of internal oblique aponeurosis transversus abdominis aponeurosis transversalis fascia extraperitoneal fat parietal peritoneum
layers of anterior abdominal wall below the arcuate line?
skin fatty layer of superficial fascia membranous layer of superficial fascia deep fascia external oblique aponeurosis internal oblique aponeurosis transversus abdominis aponeurosis rectus abdominis transversalis fascia extraperitoneal fat parietal peritoneum
what hernia is found within the spermatic cord?
an indirect inguinal hernia
the peritoneal cavity evaginates to form what structure anterior to the testes which follows the course of the gubernaculum, and evaginates into the scrotal swelling to form the inguinal canal?
processus vaginalis
how is the tunica vaginalis formed?
by a reflection of a fold of the processus vaginalis, which forms a covering of the testes.
if the processus vaginalis fails to close, why does this increase the risk of an indirect inguinal hernia?
their remains a direct connection between the peritoneal cavity and the processus vaginalis entering the scrotum through which abdominal contents can pass.
what is produced if their is inadequate reabsorption of the fluid contained within the cavity of the tunica vaginalis?
a hydrocele
which part of the testis is not covered by the tunica vaginalis?
part of the posterior aspect
where is the internal inguinal ring found?
just above mid-point of inguinal ligament*
which type of inguinal hernia has an oblique apperance?
indirect
is an inguinal or femoral hernia more likely to strangulate?
femoral- lump will be red, tender, tense and irreducible
lacunar ligament found medial to femoral canal, sharp base= more likely to strangulate than inguinal?
difference in location between inguinal and femoral hernias?
inguinal= neck felt above and medial to pubic tubercle, through deep (internal) inguinal ring femoral= neck below and lateral to pubic tubercle, through femoral canal
what happens in an epigastric hernia?
extraperitoneal fat appears through a defect in the linea alba
how can the abdominal wall be repaired in an incisional hernia?
using a synthetic mesh
what is the external spermatic fascia formed from?
aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
what is the cremasteric fascia formed from?
internal oblique muscle and aponeurosis
what is the internal spermatic fascia formed from?
the transversalis fascia
3 qns to consider systemic features of IBD?
joint pain?-arthritis
visual problems?- scleritis, uveitis
noticeable skin changes?- erythema nodosum
borders of the inguinal canal?
anterior= external oblique aponeurosis and internal oblique for lateral 1/3 posterior= transversalis fascia laterally and conjoint tendon medially roof= transversalis fascia fibres and those of internal oblique floor= inguinal ligament and lacunar ligament medially.
causes of pancreatitis?
gallstones alcohol trauma steroids mumps AI scorpion bite hyperlipidaemia/hypercalcaemia/hypothermia ERCP and emboli drugs
only LFT specific to liver?
INR*
femoral canal borders?
anter= inguinal ligament later= femoral vein medi= lacunar ligament and pubic bone poster= pubic ramus and pectineus
