GI Anatomy

Question 1

Mucosa

Answer 1

Epithelium + Lamina propria + Muscularis Mucosae

Innermost layer of GI tube

Question 2

Submucosa

Answer 2

External to Mucosal Layer- contains dense array of large blood vessels, nerve plexi, glands, and lymphatic nodules

Question 3

Muscularis Externa

Answer 3

3rd layer- important for peristalsis

Innervated by myenteric nerve plexus (of Auerbach)

Question 4

Serosa/Adventitia

Answer 4

4th and outer most layer of tube- squamous epithelium

Question 5

Cardia

Answer 5

GE Junction area of stomach

Question 6

Fundus

Answer 6

Upper portion of stomach superior to GE junction, main secretory body of stomach

Question 7

Corpus

Answer 7

Body of stomach

Question 8

Pyloris

Answer 8

Mucous secreting distal end of stomach w/ sphincter

Question 9

Rugae or Plicae mucosae

Answer 9

Folds in wall of stomach that disappear upon distention.

Question 10

Plicae circularis or Folds of Kerckring

Answer 10

Transverse-oriented folds of small intestine

Question 11

Crypts of Lieberkuhn

Answer 11

Simple, tubular intestinal glands

Question 12

Lacteal

Answer 12

Lymphatic vessel in center of intestinal villous lamina propria

Question 13

Peyer’s Patches

Answer 13

Lymphatic Nodules and Groups of Nodules in Intestine that Release IgA

Question 14

Sphincter of Oddi

Answer 14

Hepatopancreatic Sphincter

Question 15

Islet of Langerhans

Answer 15

Endocrine Portion (2%) of Pancreas

Question 16

Columns of Morgagni

Answer 16

Longitudinal structural folds of mucosa in large intestine near rectum

Question 17

Submandibular Glands

Answer 17

MIXED serous and mucous salivary glands in oral cavity

Question 18

Sublingual Glands

Answer 18

mostly MUCOUS salivary gland of oral cavity

Question 19

Parotid Glands (2X)

Answer 19

SEROUS salivary gland of oral cavity near curve of mandible/ buccal mucosa.

Question 20

Antrum

Answer 20

Contains pyloric glands with mucous cells and endocrine cells, i.e. G cells and D cells.

Question 21

Cardiac Glands

Answer 21

Consists of mucous cells, which secrete mucous and pepsinogen.

Question 22

Migrating Motor Complex (MMC)

Answer 22

Emptying of entire system every 1.5-2 hours in nonfed state- periodic sweeping of the gut.