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Buzz words > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Gingival Hypertrophy -> Gingivectomy/Biting on own gums
A

Side effect of Calcium Channel Blockers or phenytoin

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2
Q
  1. Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)
A

Achalasia; if in lower GI imaging is a sign of bowel obstruction

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3
Q
  1. Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness) positive
A

acute Pancreatitis

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4
Q
  1. Mnemonic for causes of acute pancreatitis → GET SMASHED
A

Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune, Scorpion bites/stings, Hyperlipidaemia/hyperthermia/hypercalcaemia, ERCP, Drugs

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5
Q
  1. Murphy’s sign positive
A

Cholecystitis

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6
Q
  1. Pale stools, jaundice, abdo pain
A

biliary obstruction

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7
Q
  1. Abdo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness
A

portal hypertension + ascites

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8
Q
  1. Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum
A

Crohn’s/UC

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9
Q
  1. “Tinkling bowel sounds”
A

bowel obstruction

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10
Q
  1. Vesicular rash + weight loss
A

Coeliac Disease

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11
Q
  1. Virchow’s node (left supra-clavicular)
A

gastric cancer

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12
Q
  1. Urea breath test
A

H pylori

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13
Q
  1. 14C breath test
A

bacterial overgrowth

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14
Q
  1. “Rice-water”-like stools
A

vibrio cholera

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15
Q
  1. Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
A

Presence of AMA (Anti mitochondrial antibodies)

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16
Q
  1. Autoimmune hepatitis
A

Presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibodies)

17
Q
  1. Alpha Feto Protein assay
A

hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)

18
Q
  1. ‘Cobblestone mucosa’; indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa
A

found in Crohn’s Disease

19
Q
  1. Diuretic for ascites (due to cirrhosis)
A

spironolactone

20
Q
  1. Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow
A

diffuse oesophageal spasm

21
Q
  1. Severe abdo pain + D&V after raw milk
A

Campylobacter

22
Q
  1. Russell’s sign
A

self induced vomiting

23
Q
  1. Mallory’s hyaline bodies
A

alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis

24
Q
  1. Crypt abscess / cryptitis
A

Inflammatory Bowel CROHN’S

25
Q
  1. Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts
A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

26
Q
  1. “Signet RIng” cells seen on biopsy
A

Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer

27
Q
  1. Thumb-printing on X-ray commonly at splenic flexure
A

Ischaemic colitis

28
Q
  1. Charcot’s triad
A

Acute cholangitis i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to cholelithiasis.

29
Q
  1. Causes for abdominal mass: A CHEMICAL
A

AAA, crohn’s, hernia, enlarged organ, malignancy, intersusception, cyst or abcess, appendicitis, lymphadenopathy

30
Q
  1. Causes for bowel obstruction: BATH VIPS
A

bolus, adhesions, tumour, hernia, volvulus, intersussception, pseudo-obstruction, stricture

Buzz words (3 decks)

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