GI Flashcards
what is diverticulosis
small, bulging pouches (diverticula) that develop in the digestive system
what is diverticulitis
inflammation/infection of the diverticula often dx via xray or colonoscopy
what is a classical diverticulitis patient
fever, pain, bloating, and sepsis
what are gallstones
stones that develop inside of the gallbladder
how do gallstones present
pain in the UR/central abdomen as well as between shoulder blades
what is biliary colic
severe episodes of pain that develop from gallstones or blocked cystic duct
what type of pain is associated with biliary colic
spasmodic lasting hours at a time
what is cholecystitis and what causes it (4)
gallbladder inflammation - can be caused by gallstones, excessive EtOH, infections, or tumors that cause bile to build up
what type of pain is associated with cholecystitis
episodes of inflammation lasting several hours to days with or without fever
what defines a dysfunctional gall bladder
rigid and scarred from gall stones or repeated bouts of inflammation
what are symptoms of dysfunctional gall bladder
constant but vague abdominal fullness, indigestion, and increased gas with chronic diarrhea
what are symptoms of acute pancreatitis
upper abdomen pain aggravated by eating, swollen tender abdomen, nausea vomiting, fever, increased HR, diarrhea, weight loss
what are two types of intestinal obstruction
mechanical block (adhesions, tumor, twisting, impaction, inflammation) and functional aka paralytic ileus (distension, peritonitis, surgery, narcotics, trauma)
what is bacteremia
presence of bacteria in the blood which may lead to sepsis
what is the majority source (>65% of total cases) of sepsis in the older adult
respiratory and GU tract
