GI Flashcards
IGETSMASHED Pancreatitis
Idiopathic Gallstones EtOH Scorpion bites Mumps (viral) Autoimmune Steroids Hyperlipidemia ERCP Drugs
Ransom Criteria of Pancreatitis
Gluc >200 Age 55+ LDH >350 AST >250 WBC >16
3 or more indicate severe pancreatic
What is a Peterson’s hernia?
Herniation of the small bowel through the mesenteric defect created during Roux En Y gastric bypass
EBW Loss with Roux En Y
60-80%
Borchardt’s Triad of Gastric Volvulus
Emesis followed by retching
Epigastric Distention
Failure to pass an NG tube
Boas Sign
Right subscapular pain resulting from cholelithiasis
Lab Test for Ulcerative Colitis
pANCA
Lab test for Chron’s
+ASCA
Hylerkalemia Lab Value
5-5.5
Hyperkalemia ECG Changes
Tall, Peaked T waves (seen best in precordial leads)
Short QT intervals
ST segment depression
Hyperkalemia Treatment
Immediate:
IV calcium gluconate/chloride, IV glucose, insulin
Long Term:
Loop diuretics
Potassium binder (Kayexalate)
Emergency dialysis
Hypokalemia Lab Value
<3.5
Hypokalemia causes
Loop diuretics Vomiting Diarrhea Metabolic alkalosis Insulin Beta agonists
Hypokalemia Physical Exam Findings
Cramps
Constipation
Decreased
Hypokalemia EKG Findings
T wave flattening
Inverted prominent U waves
Hypokalemia Treatment
Correction at rate of 10-20 mEq/hr
10 mEg raises K 0.1
Use oral or IV KCl
Hypercalcemia value
> 10
Hylercalcemia Complaints
Kidney stones Nephrogenic DI Constipation/ileus Weakness Fatigue Osteoporosis
Hypercalcemia EKG Findings
Short QT
Arrhythmias
Hypercalcemia Treatment
IV Saline and Furosemide
Hypocalcemia Value
<8.5
Hypocalcemia Physical Exam/complaints
Chovstek’s Trousseaus Increased DTR Arrhythmias CHF Diarrhea Abdominal Pain Cramps
Hypocalcemia EKG
QT Prolongation
Hypocalcemia Treatment
IV Calcium gluconate if severe
Mild/Moderate PO calcium with Vitamin D
*if Mg also low, do calcium carbonate, calcium citrate , vitamin d
