GI #2

Question 1

Cholecystitis/ Cholelithiasis

Etiology

Answer 1

Gallstones block bile drainage from gallbladder -> Increased pressure in the gallbladder -> Increased concentration of bile -> gallbladder inflammation

Question 2

Cholecystitis

Pathophysiolgy

Answer 2

Lack of bile salts to the Small intestine;
Malabsorption of fats;
Fat intolerance; Gallstones; Biliary obstruction

Question 3

Cholecystitis

Clinical Manifestations

Answer 3

Right Upper Quadrant Pain - colicky;
Indigestion after fatty acids;
Clay colored stools; Steatorrhea

Question 4

Gallstones

Causes

Answer 4

Cause isn’t really known; May be r/t cholesterol

Question 5

Gallstones

Associated Factors

Answer 5

Pregnancy;
Obesity;
Oral Contraceptives

Question 6

Gallstones

Clinical Manifestations

Answer 6

May be NO symptoms; Colicky flank pain;
Intolerance to fatty food;
Steatorrhea

Question 7

Pancreatitis

Definition

Answer 7

Autodigestion of the pancreas by enzymes

Question 8

Pancreatitis

Etiology

Answer 8

Unknown;

Associated Factors: ETOH abuse, gallstones, trauma

Question 9

Pancreatitis

Pathophysiology

Answer 9

Pancreatic Duct Obstruction; Enzymes leak into pancreas (lipase, amylase; Systemic chemical mediators circulate

Question 10

Pancreatitis

Clinical Manifestations

Answer 10

SEVERE abdominal pain; Fluid/Electrolyte abnormalities;
Pleural Effusion; Shock; Increased serum amylase/lipase;
Nausea/vomiting; hyperglycemia; hypokalemia

Question 11

Chronic Pancreatitis

Answer 11

Progressive loss of pancreas tissue; Chronic alcohol abuse; chronic gallstone obstruction; symptoms less severe than acute form