GI 2 Flashcards
what is the most common medical cause of constipation
narcotics
what is the other thing that causes constipation?
aluminum
What is lactulose? what is another similar one?
synthetic sugar that is not absorbed and pulls water into the colon
SORBITOL is similar
What is polyethylene glycol?
pre colonoscopy drug that cleans the bowels
what is propylene glycol?
dilutant, for drugs that won’t dissolve in water
what is ethylene glycol?
anti freeze
What is decussate sodium?
stool softener
what is bisacodyl?
increases colon motility
how does castor oil work?
lubricates the stool
what is SENA?
stimulant
Risk of overuse of anti-consipations?
electrolyte disturbances, hyponatremia (seizures)
What is the cause of diarrhea?
magnesium
What is semitone?
anti-flatulence medicine that is a surfactant that decreases gas bubble formation in the colon
What are the 3 anti-mobility agents?
Codiene
Diphenoxylate/Atropine
Loperamide
What will you get on a cruise ship?
Norwalk Virus
What will you get in the kiddie pool?
Giardia
How do you treat C. diff?
do not slow the diarrhea down, it produces a toxin and the diarrhea expels it. Treat with ORAL vancomycin
How does Beano work?
enzyme breaks down sugar before the bacteria can so more better absorption, makes food a little more fattening
How do you treat ulcerative colitis?
Sulfasalazine
Mesalamine
local anti-inflammatory effect
also corticosteroids
How do you treat irritable bowel syndrome?
Dicyclomine
anti spasmodic/anticholinergic specific to the intestinal musculature of the Large colon
Name the 8 Antiemetics
- Antihistamines
- Phenothiazines
- 5-HT receptor blockers
- prokinetics
- BDZs
- Cannabinoids
- Corticosteroids
- Substance P receptor blockers
What is the DOC for chemo?
Ondansetron (serotonin receptor blocker)
What is the steroid of choice for antiemetics?
Dexamethasone (lipophilic so crosses BB and can get to chemo trigger zone)
What is substance P?
mediates pain, nausea, vomiting
