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A&p Term3 Quiz #3 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

0
Q

What is the second part of the small intestine ?

A

Jejunum

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1
Q

What is the first part of the small intestine ?

A

Duodenum

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2
Q

What is the the last part of the small intestine ?

A

Ileum

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3
Q

What is the first part of the large intestine ?

A

Cecum

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4
Q

What does the appendix hang of off !

A

Attach to the large intestine on the lowered right

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5
Q

What is the part of the intestine that goes up ?

A

The ascending colon

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6
Q

What is the part of the intestine that goes across ?

A

Transverse colon

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7
Q

What part of the large intestine goes down ?

A

The descending colon

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8
Q

What part of the large intestine have and S shape ?

A

The sigmoid colon

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9
Q

Where is the stool stored ?

A

The rectum

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10
Q

Where is stool excreted ?

A

The anus

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11
Q

Where does chemical and mechanical digestion start ?

A

In the mouth

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12
Q

What is the purpose of mechanical digestion ?

A

It breaks food into smaller particles physically ….(tongue , teeth )

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13
Q

What is chemical digestion ?

A

Breaks up into molecules so the body can use it

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14
Q

What is the last step of digestion ?

A

Chemical digestion

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15
Q

What are the chemical digestion in saliva ?

A

Amylase it breaks Down starches
Slow acting carbs
Fast acting carbs

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16
Q

Where is amylase found ?

A

In saliva

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17
Q

What are the 3 salivary gland that produce saliva ?

A

Parotid
Subligunal
Submandibular

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18
Q

Where is the submandibular gland located ?

A

Under the jaw

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19
Q

Where is the sublingual gland located ?

A

Under the tongue

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20
Q

Where is the parotid gland located ?

A

In front of the ear

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21
Q

What does saliva contain ?

A

Water
Mucus
Lysome
Amylase

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22
Q

What is the food called that is forming in the mouth ?

A

Bolus

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23
Q

Where does the Bolus go ?

A

Down the esophagus

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24
Q

What inhibits us from going inhaling the Bolus of food when it goes down the esophagus ?

A

Epiglottis

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25
Q

What does the epiglottis do ?

A

It’s a flap that covers the esophagus , when breathing , swallong , talking it covers the trachea

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26
Q

What muscle movement takes place from the esophagus going down to the stomach thorough the GI SYSTEM ?

A

Peristalsis

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27
Q

What is the first opening of the stomach called , after going down the esophagus ?

A

LES / lower esophageal sphincter or cardiac sphincter

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28
Q

What is the purpose of the LES ?

A

To keep food in the stomach and avoid reflex - so the food does not come back up to the esophagus

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29
Q

What is the ending of the stomach called ?

A

Pyloric sphincter

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30
Q

What happens in the stomach that’s excreted ?

A

HCL

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31
Q

What does HCL do in the stomach ?

A

It attach the Bolus of food chemically

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32
Q

What are the enzymes in the stomach ?

A

HCL

PEPCIN

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33
Q

What does Pepcin break down ?

A

Protien

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34
Q

What protects the stomach from being eating by HCL ?

A

Musin

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35
Q

What do the stomach produce that important , is the lining of the stomach ? What factor ?

A

The intrinsic factor

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36
Q

What does the intrinsic factor do ?

A

Absorption of vitamin b12 in the small intestine

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37
Q

What is the liquid (semi fluid ) called that leaves the stomach ?

A

Chyme

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38
Q

What is chyme ?

A

Semi fluid (liquid ) brew

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39
Q

Where does chyme go when it leaves the stomach ?

A

The duodenum

40
Q

How many lobes of liver are their ?

A

2 lobes

41
Q

What on the lower back of the liver ?

A

The gallbladder

42
Q

What does the liver produce ?

A

Bile

43
Q

Where is bile stored ?

A

In the gallbladder

44
Q

What is in the bile ?

A

Excess bilirubin
Cholesterol
Bile salt

45
Q

What is the purpose of bile ? What does it do ?

A

It emulsify fat ( into smaller globulars)

46
Q

Where does the bile get bilirubin from ?

A

Old RBC

47
Q

What color is bilirubin ?

A

Yellowish , greenish

48
Q

Bilirubin is a agent that’s know for what ?

A

Coloring stool

49
Q

If you don’t have bilirubin in the stool , what color is it ?

A

Clay like color

50
Q

What does the liver store ?

A

Glucose as glycogen

51
Q

What does the liver form ?

A

Lipoprotein (fats )

Eg: cholesterol , triglyceride

52
Q

What is the key function of the liver , what does it produce ?

A
  • The clotting factor

- form prothrombin to thrombin to fibrogen to fribrin

53
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins tht the liver store ?

A

A, D, E, K

IRON , copper & bilirubin

54
Q

Where does the iron and copper comes from that’s stored in the liver ?

A

Old RBC

55
Q

What is the liver doing when it detoxifying ?

A

It changes the bad/ it filters our

Breaks down / alcohol , medication , bacteria , microorganism

56
Q

How is the bile transported out of the liver ?

A

By the hepatic duct to the cystic duct

57
Q

Where does the cystic duct lead too ? (Like a driveway )

A

The gallbladder (storage house )

58
Q

What does the gallbladder do with the bile ?

A

Stores and concentrate it (pull water out and make it less liquid )

59
Q

When does the gallbladder realize the bile ?

A

When fatty food is deposited

60
Q

How is the bile realeases from the gallbladder ?

A 
cystic duct 
common bile duct 
pancreatic duct 
Ampule of vator 
Sphincter of oddi (waiting area )
61
Q

What 3 enzymes does the pancreas secrete ?

A

bicarbonate
Pepcin
Amylase
Lypase

62
Q

What does Pepcin do ?

A

Dissolves Protien and break down to amino acid

63
Q

What does amylase do ?

A

Dissolve starches and carbs/sugar break into glucose /sugar/monosaccharides

64
Q

What does lipase do ?

A

Dissolves fat and break Down into fatty acid and glycerol

65
Q

What is the role of the bicarbonate the pancreas release ?

A

Helps to neutralize

66
Q

Where does 90% of digestion take place?

A

Small instestine

67
Q

What digest first , second , last in the small intestine ?

A

Carbs
Starch
Fat

68
Q

What absorbs amino acid , glucose , fatty acid and glycerol in the small intestine ?

A

The villi

69
Q

What is inside of the villi ?

A

Lacteals and capillary bed

70
Q

What do the capillary absorbs from the in the small intestine

A

Glucose and amino acid

71
Q

What absorbs the fatty acid and glycerol ?

A

Lacteal

72
Q

When everything goes through the small intestine to the end how does it get to the large intestine ?

A

Throught the ileocecal valve ( between the ileum and cecum )

73
Q

How does the chyme move the in colon by peristalsis ?

A

Up the ascending , transverse , decending , sigmoid colon to the rectum

74
Q

What vitamins are synthesized in the large intestine from bacteria ?

A 
Vitamin k (clotting )
Some vitamin B complex
75
Q

What is obsorbed after the movement for the large intestine ?

A

Water and electeolyte

76
Q

What happens when the stool gets to the splenic fixture ?

A

Semi soft stool is formed

77
Q

What happens when it get to the rectum ?

A

It forms stool ready to evacuate

78
Q

Where do you evacuate stool ?

A

Anus

79
Q

What is the external sphincter of the anus ? Voluntary or involuntary

A

Voluntary

80
Q

What is the internal sphincter of the anus ? Voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

81
Q

What is the defecation reflex ?

A

Spinal cord reflex

When stool gets in the rectum it stretched

82
Q

What happens when the recrum is stretched ?

A

It sends impulses to the spinal cord

83
Q

What does the spinal cord so with the message ?

A

Send it to the brain

84
Q

When the defexation reflex occur what does it cause ?

A

Relaxation of the involuntary sphincter ( time to go )?

85
Q

What is the chief enzyme in the stomach ?

A

Pepcin

86
Q

What is it called when the inside of the small intestine stretches ?

A

Lumin

87
Q

What is the canal that food passes through ?

A

The alimentary canal or GI tract

88
Q

What is defecation reflex ?

A

Involuntary response for elimination of feces

89
Q

What extends from the mouth to the anus ?

A

Alimentary tube

90
Q

The only voluntary aspect of swallowing is ?

A

Elevation of the tongue

91
Q

The liver synthesis all of the following ?

A

Fibrogenin
Albumin
Lipoprotein

92
Q

Bile and pancreatic juices are carried to the deodenum by the ?

A

Common bile duct

93
Q

The capillary network and lacteals in the villi of the small intestine are important for ?

A

Absorption of neutrient

94
Q

Bar carbonate pancreatic juice is important to neutralize HCL that enter the ?

A

Deodenum

95
Q

The function of the large intestine include all of these ?

A

Elimination of I undigested material absorption of water

Absorption of mineral and vitamin

96
Q

The stimulus for the defecation reflex is ?

A

Stretching of the rectum

97
Q

The liver store all of these ?

A

Iron , glycogen , vitamin and a&d

A&p Term3 Quiz #3 (1 decks)

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