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Term 3 A&P Quiz 3 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

0
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Changing food chemically so body can absorb by (enzymes, HCI, saliva)

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1
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

(Physical) break down of food to small particles (chewing,mashing..)

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2
Q

(key nutrients) Carbohydrates

A

Amylase (break down of starches and sugars) - glucose - absorbed by intestinal villi (starts in mouth)

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3
Q

(key nutrients) proteins

A

Pepsin (break down of protein) -amino acids -absorbed by intestinal villi (starts in stomach)

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4
Q

(key nutrients) fats

A

Bile (Liquifies fat) & lipase (dissolves fat)- fatty acids & glycerol - absorbed by lacteals

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5
Q

(Saliva glands) parotid

A

Front of ears (sour taste)

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6
Q

(Saliva glands) submandibular

A

Corners of jaw

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7
Q

(Saliva glands) sublingual

A

Under tongue

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8
Q

What is saliva made up of

A

Water (plasma), lysozyme (cleans mouth) and amylase (chemical breakdown of starches and sugars)

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9
Q

Cardiac sphincter / LES

A

Entrance of the stomach (closes to prevent GERG reflex)

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10
Q

Mechanical Digestion in stomach

A

Muscles in your stomach work together

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11
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Exit of stomach

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12
Q

Bolus

A

Ball of food (when it enters stomach)

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13
Q

Chyme

A

Semi liquid food (when it exits stomach)

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14
Q

(Gastric juices) HCL

A

Softens meat and kills bacteria

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15
Q

(Gastric juices) pepsin

A

Breaks down protein into amino acid

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16
Q

(Gastric juices) mucin

A

Coating of stomach lining to protect from HCL and pepsin

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17
Q

(Gastric juices) intrinsic factor

A

For stomach to absorb vit B12

-parietal cells (produce intrinsic factor)

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18
Q

(Small intestines) duodenum

A

1st part of small intestine (chemical digestion)

19
Q

(Small intestines) jejunum

A

2nd part of small intestine (nutrient absorption)

20
Q

(Small intestines) illeum

A

Last part of small intestine (vit B12 absorbed)

21
Q

90% of digestion and absorption occur In the

A

Small intestines

22
Q

Small intestinal villi

A

Increases absorption

23
Q

Small intestinal villi (blood capillaries)

A

Absorb glucose and amino acids

24
Q

Small intestinal villi ( lymph capillaries)

A

(Lacteals) absorb fatty acids, glycerol, vit A,D,E and K

25
Q

Duodenum secretes

A

Secretin and CCK

26
Q

Secretin

A

(Triggered by fat) stimulates the liver to PRODUCTION BILE

27
Q

CCK

A

Stimulates gallbladder to RELEASE BILE and pancreatic secretions. Also relaxes sphincter of oddi

28
Q

(Large intestines)

A

Cecum-ascending colon-hepatic flexure-transverse colon-splenic flexure-descending colon-sigmoid colon-rectum-anus

29
Q

What does the large intestines do

A

Absorbs water, vitamin and electrolytes

-produces vit K

30
Q

Defecation reflex

A

Stretches rectum- Signals spinal cord- sends back signal to internal anal sphincter relaxes

31
Q

Bile

A

Liver-hepatic ducts-cyctic duct- gallbladder-cyctic duct- common bile duct-sphincter of oddi

32
Q

Pancreatic enzymes

A

(Amylase, pepsin, lipase and bicarbonate (neutralizes HCL)

-pancreatic duct-common bile duct- sphincter of oddi

33
Q

Livers clotting factors

A

Prothrombin- thrombin- fiberginergin-fibrin

34
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wave like movements in smooth muscle

35
Q

Histamine

A

Stimulates production of HCL

36
Q

Gastrin

A

Stimulates production of gastric juices from Gcells

37
Q

What does the liver do with excess cholesterol and bilirubin

A

Turns it into bile

38
Q

The liver filters

A

Old RBCs and forms bilirubin. Also filters bacteria (detoxes harmful substances and medications) - then converts ammonia to urea

39
Q

What does the liver activate

A

Vitamin D

40
Q

Albumin

A

Maintains blood volume

41
Q

Globulins

A

Carry fats

42
Q

Lipoprotein

A

Transport fats

43
Q

Liver stores

A

Iron, copper, Fats and vitamins

44
Q

Carbohydrate metabolism

A

Excess glucose is stored as Glycogen (glycogenesis) then converted back to glucose

45
Q

The liver manufactures

A

Cholesterol

Term 3 A&P Quiz 3 (1 decks)

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