GI Flashcards
food is required to the body for?
production of energy
repair of tissues
protein and carbs provide how many clas of energy to the body?
4 cal
lipids provide how many cals of energy?
9 cal
alcohol provide how many cals of energy?
7 cal
an average human being consumes how much solid food and liquid?
1 kg of food and 1-2 liters of fluid
women consume — cal per day
1.6-2.4 kcal
men consume how many cal per day?
2-3 kcal
what is the alimentary canal?
its a continues tube stretching from the mouth to anus
what is the function of the GI system?
ingestion
digestion
absorption
propulsive movement
secretion
host defense
elimination
what is propulsive movement?
its peristalsis movement which a food moves at a rate optimal for digestion and absorption
peristalsis moves the bolus forward
what type of secretion happen in the GI?
water
salt
electrolyte
digestive enzymes
what does elimination do in the GI?
it removes indigestible remains and hydrophobic substances
what is host defense?
means the GI system has its own immune system
what is the defense mechanism found in the oral cavity?
IgA and lysozyme
what is the immune tissue found in the stomach?
Hcl and pepsin which have bactericidal effect
what is the immune tissue found in the small intestine?
payers patch which is a lymphoid tissue that differentiate into B cells and T cells that produce anti bodies
major source of antibody production
GI in fluid balance
its responsible for fluid balance of circulatory system in systemic and any factor that affects the fluid balance of the GI has direct effect on disturbing the circulatory system
how much secretions in the GI lumen daily?
7 liters of fluid are secreted and 2 liters of water is drank daily
so 9 lit is added into GI daily
how much liquid is absorbed by the GI daily?
7.5 liters of water absorbed from the small intestine
1.4 from the large intestine
how much fluid is excreted by the GI daily?
only 50- 100 ml of fluid
list the functional layers of the GI
mucosal
submucosal
muscularis externa
serosa
what are the 3 layers of the mucosal layer?
epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosae
the epithelium is made from
columnar or stratified squamous cells and it covers the lumen of the GI
the epithelium covers
fibrous in esophagus
and serous in most of GI tract